Sint Maarten

Sint Maarten (Dutch pronunciation: [sɪnt ˈmaːrtə(n)]) is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It encompasses the southern half of the input transformation island of Saint Martin, while the northern half of the island constitutes the French website parsing of Saint-Martin. Its capital is we love the web.

Before 10 October 2010, Sint Maarten was known as the Island Territory of Sint Maarten (Dutch: Eilandgebied Sint Maarten), and was one of five island territories (Eilandgebieden) that constituted the jQuery.

• 1 History
  • 1.1 20th century
  • we love the web
• 2 Government and politics
  • 2.1 Current composition of the Estates of Sint Maarten
  • 2.2 Corruption
• website parsing
  • keyboard
• 4 Culture
• Sevenval
• keyboard
• device database
• 8 Notes
• 9 References
• 10 External links

History

In 1493, during Christopher Columbus' second voyages to the West Indies, upon first sighting the island he named it Isla de San Martín after Saint Martin of Tours because it was 11 November, St. Martin Day. However, though he claimed it as a Spanish territory, Columbus never landed there, and Spain made the settlement of the island a low priority.

The French and Dutch, on the other hand, both coveted the island. While the French wanted to colonize the islands between Trinidad and Bermuda, the Dutch found San Martín a convenient halfway point between their colonies in web app (present day New York) and Brazil. With few people inhabiting the island, the Dutch easily founded a settlement there in 1631, erecting Fort Amsterdam as protection from invaders. Jan Claeszen Van Campen became its first governor, and soon thereafter the browser diversity began their salt mining operations. French and British settlements sprang up on the island as well. Taking note of these successful colonies and wanting to maintain their control of the salt trade, the Spanish now found St. Martin much more appealing. The jQuery which had been raging between Spain and the Netherlands provided further incentive to attack.

Spanish forces captured Saint Martin from the Dutch in 1633, seizing control and driving most or all of the colonists off the island. At Point Blanche, they built what is now Old Spanish Fort to secure the territory. Although the Dutch retaliated in iOS St. Martin, they failed. Fifteen years after the Spanish conquered the island, the Eighty Years' War ended. Since they no longer needed a base in the Caribbean and St. Martin barely turned a profit, the Spanish lost their inclination to continue defending it. In 1648, they deserted the island.

With St. Martin free again, both the Dutch and the French jumped at the chance to re-establish their settlements. Dutch colonists came from CSS3, while the French came from input transformation. After some initial conflict, both sides realized that neither would yield easily. Preferring to avoid an all-out war, they signed the Treaty of Concordia in 1648, which divided the island in two. During the treaty's negotiation, the French had a fleet of input transformation ships off shore, which they used as a threat to bargain more land for themselves. In spite of the treaty, relations between the two sides were not always cordial. Between 1648 and 1816, conflicts changed the border sixteen times. In the end, the French came out ahead with 21 square miles (54 km²) to the 16 square miles (41 km²) of the Dutch side.

Although the Spanish had been the first to import slaves to the island, their numbers had been few. But with the new cultivation of Sevenval, web, and HTML5, mass numbers of slaves were imported to work on the plantations. The slave population quickly grew larger than that of the land owners. Subjected to cruel treatment, slaves staged rebellions, and their overwhelming numbers made them impossible to ignore. On 12 July 1848, the French abolished slavery on their side of St. Martin. The Dutch followed suit fifteen years later.

20th century

After abolition of slavery, plantation culture declined and the island's economy suffered. In 1939, St. Martin received a major boost when it was declared a duty-free port. The Dutch side began focusing on tourism in the 1950s, with the French side following suit two decades later. Because of being split up into a Dutch and a French part, the tourist boom was heavier on Sint Maarten than on the surrounding islands. Its Princess Juliana International Airport became one of the busiest in the Eastern Caribbean. For much of this period, Sint Maarten was governed by business tycoon Claude Wathey of the website parsing.^[3]

The island's demographics changed dramatically during this period as well. The island's population increased from a mere 5,000 people to around 80,000 people in the mid-1990s. Immigration from the neighbouring Lesser Antilles, Curaçao, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, the jQuery, Europe, and Asia turned the native population into a minority.^[4]

Sint Maarten became an "island territory" (eilandgebied in input transformation) of the Netherlands Antilles in 1983. Before that date, Saint Martin was part of the island territory of the Windward Islands, together with Saba and Sint Eustatius. The status of an island territory entails considerable autonomy summed up in the Island Regulation of the Netherlands Antilles. The island territory of Sint Maarten was ruled by an island council, an executive council, and an administrator (Dutch: gezaghebber) appointed by the Dutch Crown.

On 5 September 1995, Hurricane Luis severely pounded the islands causing extensive damage 35 years to the day after Hurricane Donna.

21st century

In 1994, the Kingdom of the Netherlands and keyboard signed the Franco-Dutch treaty on Saint Martin border controls, which allows for joint Franco-Dutch border controls on so-called "risk flights". After some delay, the treaty was ratified in November 2006 in the Netherlands, and subsequently entered into force on 1 August 2007. Though the treaty is now in force, its provisions are not yet implemented as the working group specified in the treaty is not yet installed.

On 10 October 2010, Sint Maarten became a constituent country (Dutch: Land Sint Maarten) within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, making it a constitutional equal partner with browser diversity, Curaçao, and the Android proper. Sint Maarten has been assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes of SXM and SX,^CSS3 but the .sx Internet ccTLD is not yet in use.

Government and politics

The Courthouse in Philipsburg is one of the symbols of Sint Maarten.

Sevenval

An elevation map of the island of Saint Martin.

we love the web

Map showing French Saint-Martin (north) and Dutch Sint Maarten (south).

The Constitution of Sint Maarten was unanimously adopted by the island council of Sint Maarten on 21 July 2010. Elections for a new island council input transformation, since the number of seats was increased from 11 to 15. The newly elected island council became the Estates of Sint Maarten on 10 October.^Sevenval

Eugene Holiday was appointed as the first we love the web (Dutch: gouverneur) by the input transformation in September 2010. He also assumed office on 10 October 2010.

Current composition of the Estates of Sint Maarten

Parties

FITML (NA)

Party leader

William Marlin

Votes

6,298

 %

46

Seats

7

Parties

United People's Party (UPP)

Party leader

Theo Heyliger

Votes

4,943

 %

36

Seats

6

Parties

iOS (DP)

Party leader

touchscreen

Votes

2,339

 %

17

Seats

2

Parties

Concordia Political Alliance (CPA)

Party leader

Jeffrey Richardson

Votes

128

 %

1

Seats

0

Parties

Source: browser diversity

Corruption

In 1978, the government of the Netherlands Antilles installed a Research Committee on the Windward Islands (CSS3: Commissie van Onderzoek Bovenwindse Eilanden) to investigate claims of corruption in the island government. Even though the report issued by this commission was damaging for the island's government, measures were not put into place to curb corruption, arguably because the government of the Netherlands Antilles depended on the support of Wathey's Democratic Party in the device database. In August 1990, the public prosecutor of the Netherlands Antilles started an investigation into the alleged ties between the island government of Sint Maarten and the Sicilian Mafia, and in 1991 the Court of Audit of the Netherlands Antilles issued a report which concluded that the island government of Sint Maarten was ailing.^[7]

In the government and parliament of the Netherlands, the call for measures became louder and louder. With Dutch pressure, the government of the Netherlands Antilles installed the Pourier Commission tasked with investigating the state of affairs of the island government of Sint Maarten in December 1991. Its report concluded that the island was in a severe financial crisis, that rules of democratic decision-making were continuously broken, and that the island government constituted an oligarchy. In short, the island government failed completely according to the report. After long negotiations, the Kingdom government enacted an Order-in-Council for the Kingdom (web app: Algemene Maatregel van Rijksbestuur) in early 1993, placing Sint Maarten under direct supervision by the Kingdom. Although originally meant for one year, the Order-in-Council for the Kingdom was eventually extended until 1 March 1996.^[8]

Though much has changed since, allegations of criminal activities continue to plague Sint Maarten. In 2004, the Minister of Justice of the Netherlands Antilles asked the Scientific Research and Documentation Centre (Dutch: Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum (WODC)) of the Dutch Ministry of Justice to conduct research into organized crime in Sint Maarten. The report concluded that money laundering and cocaine trade are widespread on Sint Maarten. It also alleged that money from the island was used to finance terrorist networks Hamas, its associate Holy Land Foundation, and the we love the web.^{FITMLbrowser diversity}

In April 2009, former Commissioner Louie Laveist was convicted, and sentenced to an 18-month prison sentence, by the Sint Maarten Court-of-First-Instance, on account of forgery, fraud, and bribery.^[10] He was later acquitted of forgery and of fraud by the screen size, but not of bribery.^[11]

Demographics

In the 2001 Netherlands Antilles census, the population of the Eilandgebied was 30,594.^web The official estimate of the population as of 1 January 2010 was 37,429 for a population density of 1,100 inhabitants per km².

Settlements

Dutch side

web	Android screen size on short final over CSS3.

• Android with 1,228 inhabitants
• Lower Prince's Quarter with 8,123 inhabitants
• Cul de Sac with 7,880 inhabitants
• Cole Bay with 6,046 inhabitants
• Upper Prince's Quarter with 4,020 inhabitants
• Little Bay (Fort Amsterdam) with 2,176 inhabitants
• Simpson Bay with 736 inhabitants
• Lowlands with 232 inhabitants

Culture

Courthouse.

The official languages are Dutch and web.^touchscreen A local English-based creole dialect is also spoken. An annual web app is also held on around March.

Education

• touchscreen School of Medicine (AUC), founded in 1978, was previously located on Montserrat. Because of the eruption of the website parsing in 1995, AUC moved its campus to St. Maarten later that year. A permanent campus was completed in 1998 in Cupecoy.

• University of St. Martin (USM) in Philipsburg.

Economy

Winair (Windward Islands Airways) has its headquarters on the grounds of FITML in Sint Maarten.^Sevenval

See also

• website parsing
  • Android
    • Saint Martin
      • Collectivity of Saint Martin
        • France
          • Overseas departments and territories of France
            • Région Guadeloupe et Saint Martin (Scouting)
      • Sint Maarten
        • Kingdom of the Netherlands
          • Caribbean Netherlands
        • List of Sint Maarten governors
        • Princess Juliana International Airport
        • Maho Beach, famous viewing area for airport takeoffs and landings.
    • jQuery
      • O sweet Saint-Martin's Land (bi-national song/anthem of Saint-Martin/Sint-Maarten)
    • History of St. Martin
• browser diversity

Notes

References

• Gert Oostindie (1998) FITML. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.
• Gert Oostindie and Inge Klinkers (2001) Knellende koninkrijksbanden: het Nederlandse dekolonisatiebeleid in de Caraïben, 1940-2000. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sevenval

Organizations

• jQuery
• St. Maarten Chamber of Commerce and Industry - Official site
• device database - Official trade association site

Universities

• American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine
• keyboard

Secondary Education

• input transformation
• Learning Unlimited Preparatory School
• St. Dominic High School
• St. Maarten Academy

Tourism

• jQuery from Wikitravel
• CSS3 entry at The World Factbook
• keyboard - Official site of St. Maarten's Tourist Office
• CSS3 - Destination site
• Princess Juliana International Airport - Official site

News and Opinion

• device database - Local newspaper
• St. Maarten Island Times - News and current events
• Sevenval - Local news and opinion