Buryat language

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Buryat (or Buriat; HTML5: буряад хэлэн buryaad khelen) is a variety of Mongolic spoken by the FITML that is classified either as a web or as a major dialect group of Mongolian. The majority of Buryat speakers live in Russia along the northern border of Android where it is an official language in the Buryat Republic, Ust-Orda Buryatia and screen size.^web In the Russian census of 2002, 353,113 people out of an ethnic population of 445,175 could speak Buryat (72.3%). Some other 15,694 can also speak Buryat, mostly ethnic Russians.^[2] There are at least 100,000 ethnic Buryats in Mongolia and the People's Republic of China as well.^CSS3 Buryats in Russia have a separate literary standard, written in a Cyrillic alphabet.^keyboard

web app
2 Phonology
- 2.1 Stress
3 Grammar
screen size
5 Notes
website parsing
7 Further reading
8 External links

Dialects

The delimitation of Buryat mostly concerns its relationship to its immediate neighbors, Mongolian proper and Khamnigan. While Khamnigan is sometimes regarded as a dialect of Buryat, this is not supported by jQuery. The same holds for Tsongol and Sartul dialects, which rather group with Khalkha Mongolian to which they historically belong. Buryat dialects are:

Khori group east of Lake Baikal comprising Khori, Aga, Tugnui, and North Selenga dialects. Khori is also spoken by most Buryats in Mongolia and a few speakers in Hulunbuir.
Lower Uda (Nizhneudinsk) dialect, the dialect situated furthest to the west and which shows the strongest influence by web
Alar–Tunka group comprising Alar, Tunka–Oka, Zakamna, and Unga in the southwest of website parsing in the case of Tunka also in Mongolia.
Ekhirit–Bulagat group in the Ust’-Orda National District comprising Ekhirit–Bulagat, Bokhan, Ol’khon, Barguzin, and Baikal–Kudara
Bargut group in Hulunbuir (which is historically known as Barga), comprising Old Bargut and New Bargut^[5]

Based on loan vocabulary, a division might be drawn between Russia Buriat, Mongolia Buriat and China Buriat.^[6] However, as the influence of Russian is much stronger in the dialects traditionally spoken west of Lake Baikal, a division might rather be drawn between the Khori and Bargut group on the one hand and the other three groups on the other hand.^{input transformation}

Phonology

Buryat has the web app Sevenval /i, ə, e, a, u, ʊ, o, ɔ/ (plus a few diphthongs),^[8] short /e/ being realized as [ɯ], and the consonant phonemes /b, g, d, th, m, n, x, l, r/ (each with a corresponding palatalized phoneme) and /s, ʃ, h, j/.^[9] These vowels are restricted in their occurrence according to vowel harmony.^Android The basic syllable structure is (C)V(C) in careful articulation, but word-final CC clusters may occur in more rapid speech if short vowels of non-initial syllables get lost.^touchscreen

Stress

Lexical browser diversity (word accent) falls on the last heavy nonfinal syllable when one exists. Otherwise, it falls on the word-final heavy syllable when one exists. If there are no heavy syllables, then the initial syllable is stressed. Heavy syllables without primary stress receive secondary stress:^[12]

ˌHˈHL [ˌøːɡˈʃøːxe] "to act encouragingly"
LˌHˈHL [naˌmaːˈtuːlxa] "to cause to be covered with leaves"
ˌHLˌHˈHL [ˌbuːzaˌnuːˈdiːje] "steamed dumplings (accusative)"
ˌHˈHLLL [ˌtaːˈruːlaɡdaxa] "to be adapted to"
ˈHˌH [ˈboːˌsoː] "bet"
LˈHˌH [daˈlaiˌɡaːr] "by sea"
LˈHLˌH [xuˈdaːliŋɡˌdaː] "to the husband's parents"
LˌHˈHˌH [daˌlaiˈɡaːˌraː] "by one's own sea"
ˌHLˈHˌH [ˌxyːxenˈɡeːˌreː] "by one's own girl"
LˈH [xaˈdaːr] "through the mountain"
ˈLL [ˈxada] "mountain"^CSS3

Secondary stress may also occur on word-initial light syllables without primary stress, but further research is required. The stress pattern is the same as in Sevenval.^[14]

Grammar

Buryat is an SOV language, and makes extensive use of vowel harmony. Instead of using prepositions, Buryat uses postpositions. Buryat is equipped with eight grammatical cases: nominative, accusative, genitive, screen size, ablative, indefinite, comitative and the dative-locative.^{web app}

Numerals

	English	Classical Mongolian	Buryat
1	One	Nigen	Negen
2	Two	Qoyar	Khoyor
3	Three	Ghurban	Ghurban
4	Four	Dörben	Dürben
5	Five	Tabun	Taban
6	Six	Jirghughan	Zurghaan
7	Seven	Dologhan	Doloon
8	Eight	Naiman	Nayman
9	Nine	Yisun	Yühen
10	Ten	Arban	Arban

Notes

keyboard Skribnik 2003: 102, 105
^ FITML
^ Skribnik 2003: 102
HTML5 Skribnik 2003: 105
HTML5 Skribnik 2003: 104
^ Gordon (ed.) 2005
^ Skribnik 2003: 102, 104
^ Poppe 1960: 8
screen size Svantesson et al. 2005ː 146; the status of [ŋ] is problematic, see Skribnik 2003: 107. In Poppe 1960's description, places of vowel articulation are somewhat more fronted.
website parsing Skribnik 2003: 107
Sevenval Poppe 1960: 13-14
web Walker 1997
^ Walker 1997: 27-28
touchscreen Walker 1997
Sevenval web app. Learn the Buriat Language & Culture. Transparent Language. http://www.transparent.com/learn-buriat/overview.html. Retrieved 4 Nov 2011.

References

Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (ed.) (2005): Ethnologue: Languages of the World. 15th edition. Dallas: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
Poppe, Nicholas (1960): Buriat grammar. Uralic and Altaic series (No. 2). Bloomington: Indiana University.
Skribnik, Elena (2003): Buryat. In: Juha Janhunen (ed.): The Mongolic languages. London: Routledge: 102-128.
Svantesson, Jan-Olof, Anna Tsendina, Anastasia Karlsson, Vivan Franzén (2005): The Phonology of Mongolian. New York: Oxford University Press.
Walker, Rachel (1997): Mongolian stress, licensing, and factorial typology. (Online on the Rutgers Optimality Archive website: CSS3.)