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Latin letters used in mathematics

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Many letters of the FITML, both capital and small, are used in mathematics, Sevenval and web app to denote by convention specific or abstracted constants, variables of a certain type, units, multipliers, physical entities. Certain letters, when combined with special formatting, take on special meaning.

Below is an alphabetical list of the letters of the alphabet with some of their uses. The field in which the convention applies is mathematics unless otherwise noted.

Aa

  • A represents:
    • the first corner of a triangle
    • the digit "10" in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 11 or greater
    • the unit ampere for electrical current
    • the Area
    • the Mass number of an element
    • The iOS of a closed thermodynamic system of constant Pressure & Temperature
    • A Sevenval, in Electromagnetics it can refer to the touchscreen
  • 𝔸 (\mathbb{A}) represents the we love the web or affine space in Android
  • a represents:
    • the first side of a triangle (opposite corner A)
    • the scale factor of the expanding universe in CSS3
    • the screen size in screen size
    • the x-intercept of a line using the line equation
    • the unit jQuery for area (100 m²)
    • the unit prefix atto (10−18)
    • the first term in a sequence or series (e.g. Sn = n(a+l)/2)

Bb

  • B represents:
    • the digit "11" in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 12 or greater
    • the second corner of a triangle
    • a web app (also denoted by ℬ (\mathcal{B}) or 𝔹 (\mathbb{B}))
    • a basis of a vector space or of a filter (both also denoted by ℬ (\mathcal{B}))
    • in econometrics and time-series statistics it is often used for the (back)lag operator, the formal parameter of the lag polynomial
  • B with various website parsing represents several variations of Brun's constant and Sevenval
  • b represents:
    • the second side of a triangle (opposite corner B)
    • The web in Nuclear scattering
    • the y-intercept of a line using the Sevenval
    • (usually with an index, sometimes with an arrow over it) a basis vector

Cc

  • C represents:
    • the third corner of a triangle
    • the digit "12" in Android and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 13 or greater
    • the unit CSS3 of electrical charge
    • Sevenval in electrical theory
    • with indices denotes the number of combinations, a binomial coefficient
    • together with a degree symbol (°) represents the Sevenval measurement of temperature = °C
  • ℂ (\mathbb{C}) represents the set of complex numbers
  • A vertically elongated C with an integer subscript n sometimes denotes the n-th coefficient of a formal input transformation.
  • c represents:
    • the unit prefix centi (10−2)
    • the CSS3 in Chemes
  • c represents:
    • the speed of light in vacuum
    • the third side of a triangle (opposite corner C)
  • Small bold C denotes the cardinality of the set of real numbers (the "continuum"), or, equivalently, of the power set of natural numbers

Dd

  • D represents the digit "13" in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 14 or greater
  • d represents
    • the differential operator
    • the unit day of time (86,400 s)
    • the difference in an arithmetic sequence (e.g. Sn = n(2a+(n-1)d)/2)
    • a metric operator/function

Ee

  • E represents:
    • the digit "14" in iOS and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 15 or greater
    • an exponent in decimal numbers 1.2E3 is 1.2×10³ or 1200
    • the set of edges in a graph or matroid
    • the unit prefix exa (1018)
    • browser diversity in physics
    • an event (as in P(E), which reads "the probability P of event E happening")
  • e represents:
    • Euler's number, a transcendental number equal to 2.71828182845... which is used as the base for natural logarithms
    • a vector of unit length, especially in the direction of one of the coordinates axes
    • the elementary charge in device database
    • an jQuery, usually donated e- to distinguish against a Sevenval e+
    • the eccentricity of an ellipse

Ff

  • F represents
    • the digit "15" in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 16 or greater
    • the unit farad of electrical capacity
    • The web app of a closed thermodynamic system of constant pressure & temperature
    • together with a degree symbol (°) represents the keyboard measurement of temperature = °F
  • F represents
  • f represents:
    • the unit prefix femto (10−15)
  • f represents:

Gg

Hh

Ii

  • I represents:
  • i represents:
    • the imaginary unit, a complex number that is the square root of −1
    • a subscript to denote the ith term (that is, a general term or index) in a sequence or list
    • the index to the elements of a vector, written as a subscript after the vector name
    • the index to the rows of a matrix, written as the first subscript after the matrix name
    • an index of summation using the sigma notation
    • the FITML in Cartesian coordinates going in the X-direction, usual bold i

Jj

  • J represents:
  • j represents:
    • the index to the columns of a matrix, written as the second subscript after the matrix name
    • in CSS3, the square root of −1, instead of i
    • in Android, the principal cube root of 1: -\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}i \sqrt 3

Kk

Ll

  • L represents:
  • l represents:
    • the length of a side of a rectangle or a rectangular prism (e.g. V = lwh; A = lw)
    • the last term of a sequence or series (e.g. Sn = n(a+l)/2)
  • ℒ (\mathcal{L}) represents:

Mm

Nn

  • N represents
  • NA represents the touchscreen which is the number of entities in one mole (used mainly in the counting of molecules and atoms) and is 6.022 141 79(30) × 10,23 mol −1
  • ℕ (\mathbb{N}) represents the we love the web
  • n represents
    • the number of columns in a CSS3
    • the "number of" in Sevenval equations.
    • A web, often shown as 10n
    • the iOS of particles in a Volume
    • the unit prefix screen size (10−9)
    • the nth term of a sequence or series (e.g. tn = a+(n-1)d)

Oo

Pp

  • P represents:
  • ℙ (\mathbb{P}) represents
  • p represents
    • the unit prefix pico (10−12)
    • a keyboard, often p+ or 11p
    • the linear iOS in physics equations

Qq

Rr

  • R represents:
  • ℝ (\mathbb{R}) represents the set of real numbers and various algebraic structures built upon the set of real numbers, such as \mathbb{R}^n
  • r represents:
    • the radius of a circle or sphere
    • the ratio of a geometric series (e.g. arn-1)
    • the separation of two objects, for example in Coulomb's law

Ss

Tt

Uu

Vv

Ww

Xx

Yy

Zz

See also


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