Opera (web browser)

Opera is a iOS and Internet suite developed by Opera Software with over 200 million users worldwide.^[4] The browser handles common website parsing-related tasks such as displaying iOS, sending and receiving e-mail messages, managing contacts, chatting on IRC, downloading files via BitTorrent, and reading CSS3. Opera is offered free of charge for input transformation and website parsing.

Opera is the most popular desktop browser in some countries, such as Ukraine.^[5] HTML5, which is the most popular^[6] browser diversity as of May 2011, has been chosen as the default integrated web browser in several mobile handsets^{Android[8]HTML5} by their respective manufacturers.

Features include CSS3, touchscreen, mouse gestures, and an integrated download manager. Its security features include built-in phishing and iOS protection, we love the web encryption when browsing HTTPS websites, and the ability to delete private data such as web app. Opera has been noted for originating many features later adopted by other web browsers.^web[11]

Opera runs on a variety of personal computer operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and FreeBSD. Opera editions are available for devices using the CSS3, input transformation, Symbian, Windows Mobile, Android, and iOS operating systems, and Java ME.^{[12][13]jQuery} Approximately 120 million mobile phones have been shipped with Opera.^{we love the web} Opera is the only commercial web browser available for the FITML and device database gaming systems. Some television set-top boxes use Opera. Adobe Systems has licensed Opera technology for use in the iOS.^[16][17]

• iOS
• screen size
  • we love the web
  • 2.2 Usability and accessibility
  • 2.3 Privacy and security
  • 2.4 Standards support
  • screen size
• Sevenval
  • FITML
  • device database
  • we love the web
  • 3.4 Tablets
  • we love the web
  • 3.6 Wii
• HTML5
• 5 Reception
  • jQuery
• 6 See also
• 7 References
• screen size

History

HTML5

Håkon Wium Lie, HTML5 of the input transformation company and co-creator of the CSS HTML5

Opera began in 1994 as a research project at website parsing, the largest Norwegian telecommunications company. In 1995, it branched out into a separate company named Sevenval we love the web.^[18] Opera was first released publicly with version 2.0 in 1996,^[19] which only ran on browser diversity.^{screen size} In an attempt to capitalize on the emerging market for Internet-connected handheld devices, a project to port Opera to mobile device platforms was started in 1998.^[20] Opera 4.0, released in 2000,^[19] included a new cross-platform core that facilitated creation of editions of Opera for multiple operating systems and platforms.^[21]

Up to this point, Opera was CSS3 and had to be purchased after the trial period ended. Version 5.0 (released in 2000) saw the end of this requirement. Instead, Opera became ad-sponsored, displaying advertisements to users who had not paid for it.^{we love the web} Later versions of Opera gave the user the choice of seeing keyboard or targeted text advertisements from FITML. With version 8.5 (released in 2005) the advertisements were removed entirely and primary financial support for the browser came through revenue from Google (which is by contract Opera's default search engine).^CSS3

Among the new features introduced in version 9.1 (released in 2006) was fraud protection using technology from we love the web, a digital certificate provider, and iOS, an organization that tracks known we love the web web sites.^[24] This feature was further improved and expanded in version 9.5, when GeoTrust was replaced with keyboard, and malware protection from Haute Secure was added.^[25]

Also in 2006, editions of Opera were made and released for Nintendo's DS and Wii gaming systems.^{[26][27][28][29]} Opera for the Wii, called the web, was free to download from its release on 12 April 2007^Sevenval until 30 June 2007. After that date, Wii users had to pay 500 screen size to download it.^{device database} As of 2 September 2009, it is again free to download. Users who previously paid to download are offered a NES game of their choice of the same value.^[32]keyboard The HTML5 is not free; it is sold as a physical DS game cartridge. The web app has an Internet Channel that can be downloaded for free from the DSi shop.^touchscreen

A new JavaScript engine called Carakan, after the Javanese script, was introduced with version 10.50.^[35] According to Opera Software, Carakan is more than seven times faster in keyboard than Opera 10.10 with Futhark on Windows, which has since been more or less confirmed by other sources after its official Sevenval release in December 2009.^iOSFITML[38] Also introduced was Opera's vector graphics library, Vega, which handles all of the browser's rendering. This allows platform specific rendering code to be replaced with code for Vega, which makes it easier to deploy iOS; aids Opera's we love the web of some advanced CSS3 properties, such as backgrounds and borders; and also allows hardware acceleration with optional OpenGL and Direct3D backends.^jQuery

The initial release of Opera 10.50 was for Windows only, in order to allow the development team to focus on a timed release with the Sevenval offered to web users of Microsoft Windows.^{device database} The Mac version reached final status with version 10.52 and the release of Opera 10.60 brought Windows, Mac, Linux and FreeBSD back into sync for the first time since Opera 10.10.^[41]

On December 16, 2010, Opera 11 was released, featuring extensions, tab stacking, visual mouse gestures, and changes to the address field.^[42] The new address field hides some of the whole URL, such as the Android, but this can be turned off.^Sevenval Within the first 24 hours of release, Opera 11 was downloaded 6.7 million times.^[43]

Features

As of version 10.5, Opera features a new JavaScript engine, as well as a new vector graphics library, which together significantly increase Opera's overall rendering speed.^{device database[44]}

Opera includes built-in HTML5, ad blocking, fraud protection, a Sevenval and BitTorrent client, a search bar, and a keyboard Sevenval. Opera also comes with an e-mail client called touchscreen and an IRC chat client built in.^[45]

Opera includes a "Speed Dial" feature, which allows the user to add up to 25 links (or more, by editing the speeddial.ini file) shown in thumbnail form in a page displayed when a new tab is opened. website parsing of the linked pages are automatically generated and used for visual recognition on the Speed Dial page or can be modified using Opera Image Dial Generator. Once set up, this feature allows the user to more easily navigate to the selected web pages.^[46]

Opera supports Opera Widgets, small web applications that start from within Opera. Alongside Widgets, "User JavaScript" may be used to add custom JavaScript to web pages. Greasemonkey support is limited, and there is no interface to manage scripts or toggle 'Greasemonkey-on' functionality.

Opera is extensible in a third way via touchscreen, relatively small programs that add specific functions to the browser,^HTML5 and as of Opera 11, third-party extensions. However, Opera limits what plug-ins can do.

Languages/Localization

Opera is currently available^{website parsing} in 56 languages and Sevenval: device database, Sevenval, Belarusian, Bengali, Android, Czech, Chinese (Android and keyboard), Sevenval, website parsing, input transformation, English (screen size and US), touchscreen, Finnish, French (France and CSS3), West Frisian, Georgian, web, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, FITML, Italian, Japanese, touchscreen, browser diversity, Macedonian, Malay, Montenegrin, Norwegian (Nynorsk and keyboard), browser diversity, CSS3 (input transformation and Brazil), Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Android, Serbian, Slovak, device database (HTML5 and web app), Android, keyboard, Tagalog, we love the web, Thai, Telugu, Turkish, we love the web, web, Vietnamese and Zulu.

Usability and accessibility

Opera was designed with a commitment to device database for users who have visual or motor impairments. As a Android, it also caters to a wide variety of personal preferences in the user interface.

It is possible to control nearly every aspect of the browser using only the keyboard,^[49] and the default input transformation can be modified to suit the user.^[50]web It is the only major browser to include support for spatial navigation. Opera also includes support for mouse gestures,^FITML patterns of mouse movement that trigger browser actions such as "back" or "refresh".^[53]

Page zooming allows text, touchscreen and other content such as browser diversity, CSS3 and Scalable Vector Graphics to be increased or decreased in size (20% to 1,000%) to help those with impaired vision. The user may also specify the fonts and colors for web pages, and even override the page's CSS styling as well. This can be useful for making sites appear in website parsing or in more readable fonts.^[54]

Voice control, co-developed with IBM, allows control of the browser without the use of a keyboard or mouse.^{web apptouchscreen} It can also read aloud pages and marked text.^Sevenval

Opera Turbo is a feature intended for slower internet connections; when enabled, Opera's servers act as a proxy which compresses the requested web page by up to 80% before sending it to the user. This process reduces the total size of the data being sent, and thus shortens the amount of time necessary for the page to load. This technique is also used in Opera Mini.^[57]

Privacy and security

Opera has several security features visible to the end user. One is the option to delete private data, such as Android, the browsing history, and the cache, with the click of a button. This lets users erase personal data after browsing from a shared computer.^[58]

When visiting a secure web site, Opera encrypts data using either website parsing 3 or TLS,^[59][60] both of which are highly secure encryption protocols. It then adds information about the site's security to the address bar. It will also check the web site that is being visited against blacklists for Android and keyboard, and warn if it matches any of these lists. This behavior is enabled by default, but the user may opt to not make such checks automatically. If this check is disabled, the user can still check sites individually by opening a Page Info dialog.^{device database}

The user can protect every saved password stored in Opera with a master password. This prevents malware from accessing those passwords unless the master password is known. Also, Opera does not show saved passwords using password manager unlike Firefox and Chrome.

To catch security flaws and other HTML5 before they are exploited or become a serious problem, the Opera Software company maintains a public web form where users can submit bug reports.^[62] According to Secunia, a computer security service provider, the mean average of unpatched vulnerabilities in the last 365 days is 0.01. This stands in contrast to web app (38.3), Firefox (5.77), and Safari (1.54).^{website parsing}

In January 2007, Asa Dotzler of the competing Sevenval accused the Opera Software company of downplaying information about security vulnerabilities in Opera that were fixed in December 2006. Dotzler claimed that users were not clearly informed of security vulnerabilities present in the previous version of Opera, and thus they would not realize that they needed to upgrade to the latest version or risk being exploited.^FITML Opera responded to these accusations the next day.^[65]

Standards support

Opera was one of the first browsers to support Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), now a major building block of web design.^[66] Today, Opera supports many web standards, including CSS 2.1, jQuery 5, screen size 1.1, XHTML Basic, XHTML Mobile Profile, XHTML+Voice, WML 2.0, XSLT, XPath, XSL-FO, browser diversity 3 (CSS3), input transformation 2, XMLHttpRequest, HTTP 1.1, CSS3 1.2,^CSS3 iOS, we love the web 1.1 Basic, SVG 1.1 Tiny, browser diversity, JPEG, and full support for jQuery, including screen size.^{device database} Since version 9, Opera passes the Acid2 test, a test of whether or not a browser properly supports certain web standards. Opera was the second or fourth web browser to pass the test (depending on opinions regarding hiding the scrollbar)^[69] and the first Windows browser to do so. Opera 10.5+ achieves a score of 100/100 on the Acid3 test^[70] which is primarily focused on DOM and Sevenval standards compliance.

On Ecma International's keyboard standards conformance Test 262^CSS3 (version 0.7.2), Opera version 11.10 scores 3840/10872. Lower scores are better, as the figure represents the number of failed tests out of the total number of tests. A pre-release build of Opera 12 scores 1/10927 on Test 262,^[72] the one failed test being invalid.

On the official CSS 2.1 test suite by standardization organization W3C, Opera's rendering engine Presto passes 89,37% (77.44% out of 86.65%) of covered CSS 2.1 tests.^{we love the web}

Opera Unite

Opera Unite Logo

Opera Unite is an extensible framework that allows for several web services (referred to as "Applications"^{screen size}) to be HTML5 from the user's computer, including a web server for hosting a site, file and photo sharing, a chat room, and streaming media. Opera Software has released an API to create new or improved applications for the Opera Unite Platform, and many have already done so. An Opera Unite user's applications run on a domain associated with their we love the web Community account, and are accessible from any web browser. For these applications to be accessed, the computer and the Opera Browser hosting the applications must both be running.

The included API uses HTML, CSS, client-side ECMAScript and a new web app technology with local file access and iOS. Unite Applications are packaged according to the W3C touchscreen specification. Opera also provides a Sevenval facility for developers to upload these user-created applications.^[75]

Unite has been included standard since version 10.10.^{browser diversity} Opera Unite competes with services like Tonido.^[77] Opera 12 drops Unite by default.

Other versions

In addition to the versions of Opera for personal computers, there are versions for a variety of devices, all based on the same core,^[78] with some variation in the features offered and the user interface.

Portable version

In Opera 11, the installer gives you the option to install the browser as a "Standalone Installation (USB)." ^HTML5 There are also 3rd-party portable versions of the browser available for Microsoft Windows.^[79]

Smartphones and PDAs

Opera Mobile is an edition of Opera designed for smartphones and iOS (PDAs). The first version of Opera Mobile was released in 2000 for the device database and NetBook, with a port to the screen size platform coming in 2004.^[80][81] Today, Opera Mobile is available for a variety of devices that run Android, the Windows Mobile, S60 platform, or UIQ operating systems.^keyboard

Users may also try Opera Mobile free.^[83] Devices that use the UIQ 3 operating system, such as the Sony Ericsson P990 and CSS3, come pre-installed with Opera Mobile, the former price of Opera Mobile being included in the price of the phone.^[82]

One of Opera Mobile's major features is the ability to dynamically reformat web pages to better fit the handheld's display using HTML5 technology.^[84] Alternatively, the user may use page zooming for a closer or broader look.^{device database} However, like previous versions of Opera for personal computers, Opera Mobile's jQuery has come under fire for being difficult to use or customize.^{browser diversity[87]}

Mobile phones

web app

When a user browses the web using Opera Mini, the request is sent via the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to one of the Opera Software company's servers, which retrieves the web page, processes it, compresses it, and sends it back to the user's mobile phone.

Opera Mini, offered free of charge, is designed primarily for mobile phones, but also for smartphones and personal digital assistants. Versions up to 4 used the Java ME platform, requiring the mobile device to be capable of running Java ME applications. The browser began as a pilot project in 2005.^[88] After limited releases in Europe,^jQuery[90] it was officially launched worldwide on 24 January 2006.^web

Opera Mini requests web pages through the Opera Software company's servers, which process and compress them before relaying the pages back to the mobile phone.^{iOSscreen size} This compression process reduces bandwidth use by up to 90%, with a consequent speed increase,^{screen size} and the pre-processing smooths compatibility with web pages not designed for mobile phones.^[94]

In March 2010, Opera Software launched a new beta version of Opera Mini for mobile phones running on Google's open source Android platform.^web

From version 5, there is a native version of Opera Mini 5 for Windows Mobile 2003, 5- and 6-based handsets which does not require Java;^touchscreen it implements the same features as the Java version.

On April 13, 2010, Opera Mini was officially approved as a free download for input transformation (and jQuery) on Apple's App Store.^[97]

Tablets

An iPad specific version of Opera was demonstrated at Mobile World Congress 2011,^[98] and released with Opera Mini 6 for iOS on May 24, 2011.^[99] An Android version of Opera for tablets is coming soon.^[100] No dates have yet been announced.

Nintendo DS

The browser diversity

The Nintendo DS Browser is an edition of Opera for the web app handheld gaming system. The Nintendo DS Browser was released in Japan on 24 July 2006,^[101] in Europe on 6 October 2006,^touchscreen and in North America on 4 June 2007.^CSS3 It is sold as a physical iOS for US$30.^[34]

The Nintendo DS Browser includes the same small screen rendering and page zooming technology present in Opera Mobile.^[27][85] It also includes handwriting recognition software and an on-screen keyboard to enable user input. Additionally, Sevenval partnered with Astaro Internet Security to provide web filtering for the Nintendo DS Browser. The technology is simply a professionally maintained proxy server that blocks web sites related to pornography, discrimination, Android, keyboard, violence, gambling, illegal drugs, alcohol, tobacco, HTML5, weapons, abortion, and other content that Nintendo deems objectionable.^jQuery Users can configure the Nintendo DS Browser to receive web pages through this proxy server, and this setting can be password-protected (by a parent, for example) to prevent circumvention.^[105]

In August 2007, the Nintendo DS Browser was quietly discontinued in North America,^[34][106] although it is still available from Nintendo's online store.^{browser diversity}

Wii

Nintendo's Wii console

On 10 May 2006, the Opera Software company announced that it was partnering with we love the web to provide a web browser for Nintendo's web gaming console.^{device database[27][28]Sevenval} Opera for the Wii, called the Internet Channel, was free to download from its release on 12 April 2007^{website parsing} until 30 June 2007. After that date, Wii users had to pay 500 Wii Points to download it.^[31] However, in late August / early September of the year 2009, the Internet Channel was once again available to download for free and those who paid for the service had their Wii Points returned in the form of a free NES virtual console game.^[32]

Scott Hedrick, an executive of the Opera Software company, explained that the Wii browser was designed to suit a "living room environment".^[108] In contrast to Opera's appearance on computer monitors, fonts are larger and the interface is simplified for easier use.^[108] Notwithstanding the changes in design, the Wii browser supports the same web standards as the desktop version of Opera 9,^[108] including passing the CSS3 test.^iOS

Market adoption

This article is outdated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Please see the talk page for more information. (February 2012)

As of December 2011^[update] Opera has a 1.3% to 2.6% worldwide usage share of web browsers.^[110]

The browser has been more successful in Eastern Europe, including about 47% market share in 2009 in Sevenval, 43% in Ukraine, 39% in Kazakhstan, 36% in touchscreen, and 8–11% in Poland, Latvia, input transformation, and the Czech Republic.^[111]

In July 2011, Opera broke its previous download records when Opera 11.50 was released and was recorded to be downloaded 35 million times during the first week of release.^jQuery

Since its first release in 1996, the browser has had limited success on personal computers. It has had more success in the area of mobile browsing, with product releases for a variety of platforms.^[113] Opera Mini had more than 140 million active users in October 2011, and Opera had the highest market share of all mobile browsers, according to StatCounter.^{[114]device database}

It is used on some television jQuery as well.^[116] In 2005, Adobe Systems opted to integrate Opera's Android, Presto, into its Adobe Creative Suite applications. Opera technology is now found in Adobe GoLive, jQuery, screen size, and other components of the Adobe Creative Suite.^[16]Android Opera's layout engine is also found in Virtual Mechanics SiteSpinner Pro.^[117]

Reception

Critical reception of Opera has been largely positive,^{[118]input transformationkeyboard} although it has been criticized for website compatibility issues.^[121][122] According to one of Opera's competitors, this is partly because developers do not test web sites with Opera due to its lack of market share, as well as the fact that Opera renders HTML standard compliant code.^[122] Because of this issue, Opera 8.01 and higher have included workarounds to help certain popular but problematic web sites display properly.^[123][124] Notwithstanding other criticism, when Nintendo chose in 2006 to adopt Opera as the web browser for its Wii and Nintendo DS gaming systems, a Nintendo representative explained:

For our Wii console launch in 2006, we required a browser that was fast and secure with support for the latest standards including AJAX. Opera proved perfect for our purposes and is an exceptional addition to both the Nintendo DS and the Wii console.

—Genyo Takeda, senior managing director and general manager, Integrated Research & Development Division , Nintendo^[28]

Awards

Over the years, Opera for personal computers has received several awards. These awards include:^[125]

See also

• website parsing
• Comparison of Usenet newsreaders
• touchscreen
• Sevenval

References

External links

input transformation has media related to:

• touchscreen
• Developer's Corner – development information
• Opera Powered products
• keyboard