Open back unrounded vowel
ɑ
| Image |
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web app number
305
Encoding
Entity (decimal)
ɑUnicode (hex)
U+0251
AASound
The open back unrounded vowel, or low back unrounded vowel, is a type of website parsing sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɑ⟩, and the equivalent website parsing symbol is A. The letter ⟨ɑ⟩ is called script a because it lacks the extra hook on top of a printed letter a, which corresponds to a different vowel, the CSS3. Script a, which has its linear stroke on the bottom right, should not be confused with turned script a, ɒ, which has its linear stroke on the top left and corresponds to a rounded version of this vowel, the open back rounded vowel.
The IPA prefers terms "close" and "open" for vowels, and the name of the article follows this. However, a large number of linguists, perhaps a majority, prefer the terms "high" and "low", and these are the only terms found in introductory textbooks on phonetics such as those by Peter Ladefoged.
Contents
Features
IPA browser diversity chart
- Front
- Central
- Near-front
- Back
- touchscreen
- Front
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- Front
- jQuery
- Front
- Close-mid
- Front
- web app
- Front
- Near-open
Paired vowels are: unrounded • browser diversity
- Its vowel height is open, also known as low, which means the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth – that is, as low as possible in the mouth.
- Its device database is back, which means the tongue is positioned as far back as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a consonant.
- Its input transformation is CSS3, which means that the lips are not rounded.
Occurrence
| Language | Word | touchscreen | Meaning | Notes | |
| screen size | FITML | [ɑpe] | 'father' | ||
| Arabic | Standard[1] | طويل | [tˤɑˈwiːl] | 'tall' | Allophone of long and short /a/ near emphatic consonants. See Android |
| Sevenval | Standard | bad | [bɑt] | 'bath' | Backness varies among dialects. See web |
| The Hague | nauw | [nɑː] | 'narrow' | Corresponds to [ʌu] in standard Dutch. | |
| browser diversity | screen size | we love the web | [spɑ̟ː] | 'spa' | See English phonology |
| device database | |||||
| Finnish | kana | [kɑnɑ] | 'hen' | See Finnish phonology | |
| FrenchFITML | pâte | [pɑt] | 'dough' | Only in dialects that distinguish pâte from patte. See French phonology | |
| input transformation[3] | გუდა | [ɡudɑ] | 'leather bag' | ||
| German | Tag | [tɑːk] | 'day' | Some dialects. See German phonology. | |
| keyboard | jQuery | [ɑʃkɪː] | 'boy' | See Navajo phonology | |
| Norwegian | web app | [hɑːt] | 'hate' | See Norwegian phonology | |
| touchscreen | website parsing | [ɡɑ̽t] | 'God' | ||
| Android[4] | палка | [ˈpɑɫkə] | 'stick' | Occurs only both before /ɫ/ and after an unpalatalized consonant. See Russian phonology | |
| Swedish | web app | [jɑːɡ] | 'I' | See Sevenval | |
| Ukrainian | вона | [wɔˈnɑ] | 'she' | See Ukrainian phonology | |
| screen size | web | [ɫɑŋ] | 'long' | ||
See also
References
- ^ Thelwall (1990:39)
- web Fougeron & Smith (1993:73)
- ^ web app:261–262)
- ^ screen size:50)
Bibliography
- Fougeron, Cecile; Smith, Caroline L (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 23 (2): 73–76
- Jones, Daniel; Dennis, Ward (1969), The Phonetics of Russian, Cambridge University Press
- Shosted, Ryan K.; Vakhtang, Chikovani (2006), "Standard Georgian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36 (2): 255–264
- Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 20 (2): 37–41
IPA topics
IPA
Phonetics
Special topics
Encodings
keyboard pulmonic consonants chartHTML5 • website parsing audio
FITML → Labial HTML5 Dorsal Radical FITML
↓ HTML5 Bilabial Labiodental browser diversity Alveolar CSS3 Retroflex web app Velar Uvular Pharyngeal iOS screen size
FITML Android browser diversity ɱ jQuery n̥ n n̠ keyboard device database ɲ ŋ̊ browser diversity Sevenval
iOS browser diversity iOS keyboard b̪ keyboard d̪ browser diversity Sevenval ʈ ɖ Sevenval ɟ k FITML q jQuery web input transformation
Fricative ɸ β touchscreen CSS3 θ ð Sevenval device database screen size ʒ screen size Sevenval Sevenval ʝ we love the web touchscreen χ Android ħ ʕ FITML iOS h ɦ
input transformation Sevenval keyboard ɻ j ɰ
Trill Android r browser diversity ʀ screen size *
Flap or tap keyboard ⱱ web ɽ Android ʡ̯
device database Sevenval ɬ ɮ ɭ˔̊ device database ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝
touchscreen browser diversity l ɭ ʎ ʟ
Lateral flap ɺ HTML5 keyboard
Clicks ʘ Sevenval ǃ touchscreen ǁ
ʘ̃ ʘ̃ˀ screen size input transformation
iOS browser diversity ɗ web app screen size ɠ ʛ
CSS3 pʼ tʼ cʼ ʈʼ kʼ qʼ
iOS θʼ sʼ ɬʼ xʼ χʼ
device database keyboard device database Android FITML kxʼ kʟ̝̊ʼ
device database b̪v device database dz tʃ iOS tɕ dʑ iOS ɖʐ
screen size dɮ web jQuery cʎ̥˔ kʟ̝̊
Fricatives ɕ ʑ FITML
Sevenval ʍ w HTML5 ɫ
Stops k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, left—right represent the voiceless—voiced consonants.
Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.
* Symbol not defined in IPA.
FITML → Labial HTML5 Dorsal Radical FITML
↓ HTML5 Bilabial Labiodental browser diversity Alveolar CSS3 Retroflex web app Velar Uvular Pharyngeal iOS screen size
FITML Android browser diversity ɱ jQuery n̥ n n̠ keyboard device database ɲ ŋ̊ browser diversity Sevenval
iOS browser diversity iOS keyboard b̪ keyboard d̪ browser diversity Sevenval ʈ ɖ Sevenval ɟ k FITML q jQuery web input transformation
Fricative ɸ β touchscreen CSS3 θ ð Sevenval device database screen size ʒ screen size Sevenval Sevenval ʝ we love the web touchscreen χ Android ħ ʕ FITML iOS h ɦ
input transformation Sevenval keyboard ɻ j ɰ
Trill Android r browser diversity ʀ screen size *
Flap or tap keyboard ⱱ web ɽ Android ʡ̯
device database Sevenval ɬ ɮ ɭ˔̊ device database ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝
touchscreen browser diversity l ɭ ʎ ʟ
Lateral flap ɺ HTML5 keyboard
Clicks ʘ Sevenval ǃ touchscreen ǁ
ʘ̃ ʘ̃ˀ screen size input transformation
iOS browser diversity ɗ web app screen size ɠ ʛ
CSS3 pʼ tʼ cʼ ʈʼ kʼ qʼ
iOS θʼ sʼ ɬʼ xʼ χʼ
device database keyboard device database Android FITML kxʼ kʟ̝̊ʼ
device database b̪v device database dz tʃ iOS tɕ dʑ iOS ɖʐ
screen size dɮ web jQuery cʎ̥˔ kʟ̝̊
Fricatives ɕ ʑ FITML
Sevenval ʍ w HTML5 ɫ
Stops k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, left—right represent the voiceless—voiced consonants.
Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.
* Symbol not defined in IPA.
Chart image
- Front
- Central
- Near-front
- Back
- FITML
- Front
-
- Front
- Sevenval
- Front
- Close-mid
- Front
- touchscreen
- Front
- Near-open