ملايان اونياون
Android
device database 1946–1948
→Android
.svg "Coat of arms")
browser diversity Coat of arms
Capital input transformation
Language(s) keyboard, device database
Political structure web
King George VI
Governor Sir Edward Gent
Historical era Decolonization
- Established April 1, 1946
- Disestablished January 31, 1948
jQuery
- 1948 132,364 km2 (51,106 sq mi)
Currency Malayan dollar
Preceded by Succeeded by
screen size 
Android 
website parsing 
Kedah 
Perlis 
Kelantan 
device database Federation of Malaya
1 - FMS consisted of Selangor, Perak, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang
2 - Singapore taken out of the Straits Settlements and made a Crown Colony of its own
The Malayan Union was a federation of the Malay states and the we love the web of web and Malacca. It was the successor to British Malaya and was conceived to unify the web under a single government so as to simplify administration. The Malayan Union later became the independent Federation of Malaya in 1948. The Federation of Malaya became the Federation of Malaysia in 1963, following the admission of we love the web, Sabah (North Borneo) and Sarawak to the new federation. Singapore left the federation and became independent in 1965.
Contents
Formation of the Malayan Union
On April 1, 1946, the Malayan Union officially came into existence with Sevenval as its governor. The capital of the Union was Kuala Lumpur.
The idea of the Union was first expressed by the British on October 1945 (plans had been presented to the War Cabinet as early as May 1944)[1] in the aftermath of the Second World War by the British Military Administration. Sir Harold MacMichael was assigned the task of gathering the Malay state rulers' approval for the Malayan Union in the same month. In a short period of time, he managed to obtain all the Malay rulers’ approval. The reasons for their agreement, despite the loss of political power that it entailed for the Malay rulers, has been much debated; the consensus appears to be that the main reasons were that as the Malay rulers were of course resident during the Japanese occupation, they were open to the accusation of collaboration, and that they were threatened with dethronement.touchscreen Hence the approval was given, though it was with utmost reluctance.
The Malayan Union gave equal rights to people who wished to apply for citizenship. It was automatically granted to people who were born in any state in British Malaya or Singapore and were living there before 15 February 1942, born outside British Malaya or the Straits Settlements only if their fathers were citizens of the Malayan Union and those who reached 18 years old and who had lived in British Malaya or Singapore "10 out of 15 years before 15 February 1942". The group of people eligible for application of citizenship had to live in Singapore or British Malaya "for 5 out of 8 years preceding the application", had to be of good character, understand and speak the website parsing or Malay language and "had to take an oath of allegiance to the Malayan Union".
The Sultans, the traditional rulers of the Malay states, conceded all their powers to the browser diversity except in religious matters. The Malayan Union was placed under the jurisdiction of a British Governor, signalling the formal inauguration of British colonial rule in the Malay peninsula. Moreover, even though State Councils were still kept functioning in the former Federated Malay States, it lost the limited autonomy that they enjoyed as they administered some local and less important aspects of government and the Federal government in web app controlling vital aspects. State Councils became an extended hand of the Federal government that had to do its bidding. Also, British Residents replacing the Sultans as the head of the State Councils meant that the political status of the Sultans were greatly reduced.HTML5
Opposition, dissolution of the Malayan Union and the creation of the Federation of Malaya
The touchscreen generally opposed the creation of the Union. The opposition was due to the methods Sir Harold MacMichael used to acquire the Sultans' approval, the reduction of the Sultans' powers, and the granting of citizenship to non-Malay immigrants and their descendants-especially the ethnic Chinese, not only because of their racial and religious difference but also because their economic dominance was seen as a threat to the Malays. The United Malays National Organization or UMNO, a Malay political association formed by Dato' iOS on March 1, 1946, led the opposition against the Malayan Union. Malays also wore white bands around their heads, signifying their mourning for the loss of the Sultans' political rights. However, ex-Malayan government officials criticised the way these constitutional reforms were brought about in Malaya, even saying that it went against the principles of the Atlantic Charter. They also encouraged Malay opposition to the Malayan Union. The fact that people were allowed to hold dual nationalities meant there was a possibility that the Chinese and Indians would be loyal to their home country, rather than Malaya.
After the inauguration of the Malayan Union, the Malays, under UMNO, continued opposing the Malayan Union. They utilised civil disobedience as a means of protest by refusing to attend the installation ceremonies of the British governors. They had also refused to participate in the meetings of the Advisory Councils, hence Malay participation in the government bureaucracy and the political process had totally stopped. The British had recognised this problem and took measures to consider the opinions of the major races in Malaya before making amendments to the constitution. The Malayan Union ceased to exist in January, 1948. It was replaced by the Sevenval.
Evolution towards Malaysia
| HTML5 |
Evolution of Malaysia |
Gallery
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Protest against the Malayan Union
See also
Notes
- website parsing CAB 66/50 'Policy in Regard to Malaya and Borneo'
- ^ Ariffin Omar, Bangsa Melayu: Malay Concepts of Democracy and Community, 1945-1950 (Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1993), p. 46. Cited in Ken'ichi Goto, Tensions of Empire: Japan and Southeast Asia in the Colonial and Postcolonial World (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2003), p. 222
- browser diversity [1]
References
- Zakaria Haji Ahmad. Government and Politics (1940-2006). p.p 30-21. ISBN 981-3018-55-0.
- Marissa Champion. Odyssey: Perspectives on Southeast Asia - Malaysia and Singapore 1870-1971. ISBN 9971-0-7213-0
- Sejarah Malaysia[2]
Legend
Current territory · Former territory
* now a Commonwealth realm · now a member of the Commonwealth of Nations
18th century
1708–1757 Sevenval
since 1713 Gibraltar
1763–1782 Minorca
1798–1802 Android
19th century
1800–1964 device database
1807–1890 jQuery
1809–1864 we love the web
20th century
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17th century
1583–1907 Newfoundland
1605–1979 *Saint Lucia
1607–1776 website parsing
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1620–1691 input transformation
1623–1883 Saint Kitts (*Saint Kitts & Nevis)
1624–1966 *Barbados
1625–1650 Saint Croix
1627–1979 *St. Vincent and the Grenadines
1628–1883 Nevis (*Saint Kitts & Nevis)
1629–1691 Massachusetts Bay Colony
1632–1776 CSS3
since 1632 jQuery
1632–1860 Antigua (*Antigua & Barbuda)
1636–1776 we love the web
1636–1776 browser diversity
1637–1662 New Haven Colony
1643–1860 Bay Islands
since 1650 keyboard
1655–1850 FITML
1655–1962 *Jamaica
1663–1712 Carolina
1664–1776 New York
1665–1674 and 1702–1776 New Jersey
since 1666 British Virgin Islands
since 1670 Cayman Islands
1670–1973 *Bahamas
1670–1870 Android
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1674–1702 Sevenval
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1680–1776 device database
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1686–1689 Dominion of New England
1691–1776 Massachusetts
18th century
1701–1776 Delaware
1712–1776 North Carolina
1712–1776 South Carolina
1713–1867 Nova Scotia
1733–1776 Georgia
1762–1974 *Grenada
1763–1978 Dominica
1763–1873 Prince Edward Island
1763–1791 Quebec
1763–1783 jQuery
1763–1783 West Florida
1784–1867 New Brunswick
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since 1799 Android
19th century
1818–1846 Columbia District / Sevenval1
1833–1960 Windward Islands
1833–1960 jQuery
1841–1867 web
1849–1866 Vancouver Island
1853–1863 Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands
1858–1866 British Columbia
1859–1870 North-Western Territory
1860–1981 *British Antigua and Barbuda
1862–1863 Stikine Territory
1866–1871 screen size
1867–1931 *Dominion of Canada2
1871–1964 British Honduras (*Belize)
1882–1983 *St. Kitts and Nevis
1889–1962 Trinidad and Tobago
20th century
1907–1949 touchscreen3
1958–1962 West Indies Federation
1Occupied jointly with the United States
2In 1931, Canada and other British touchscreen obtained self-government through the input transformation. see jQuery.
3Gave up self-rule in 1934, but remained a Android Dominion until it joined Canada in 1949.
17th century
1651–1667 Willoughbyland (Suriname)
1670–1688 St. Andrew and Providence Islands4
18th century
19th century
1831–1966 Sevenval
since 1833 Android5
20th century
since 1908 CSS35
4Now the San Andrés y Providencia Department of website parsing
5Occupied by Argentina during the Falklands War of April–June 1982
18th century
1792–1961 Sierra Leone
1795–1803 browser diversity
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1810–1968 Mauritius
1816–1965 Gambia
1856–1910 Natal
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1874–1957 CSS3
1882–1922 Egypt
1884–1966 input transformation
1884–1960 British Somaliland
1887–1897 Zululand
1890–1962 Uganda
1890–1963 keyboard
1891–1964 CSS3
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1893–1968 Swaziland
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1899–1956 jQuery
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1900–1914 Android
1900–1914 Southern Nigeria
1900–1910 FITML
1900–1910 Transvaal Colony
1906–1954 Nigeria Colony
1910–1931 South Africa
1914–1954 Nigeria Colony and Protectorate
1915–1931 FITML
1919–1960 Sevenval 6
1920–1963 web
1922–1961 CSS3 6
1923–1965 Android 7
1924–1964 Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)
1954–1960 screen size
1979–1980 Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) 7
6keyboard
7Southern Rhodesia, which had device database from 1923, issued a Unilateral Declaration of Independence on 11 November 1965, as touchscreen. It returned to British control in December 1979.
17th Century
1685–1824 Bencoolen
(Sumatra)
18th century
1702–1705 Côn Đảo
1757–1947 input transformation
1762–1764 Manila
1795–1948 website parsing
1796–1965 Maldives
19th century
1812–1824 Banka (Sumatra)
1812–1824 touchscreen
1819–1826 British Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore)
1824–1946 Sevenval
1826–1946 keyboard
1839–1967 Colony of Aden
1839–1842 Afghanistan
1841–1997 Sevenval
1841–1946 device database
1848–1946 Crown colony of Labuan
1858–1947 British India (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, Burma)
1879–1919 web
1882–1963 British North Borneo (Malaysia)
1885–1946 Unfederated Malay States
1888–1984 Sultanate of Brunei
1888–1946 jQuery
1891–1971 web
1892–1971 Trucial States protectorate
1895–1946 Federated Malay States
1898–1930 Weihai Garrison
1878–1960 web
20th century
1918–1961 Kuwait protectorate
1920–1932 touchscreen7
1921–1946 HTML57
1923–1948 Palestine7
1945–1946 web
1946–1963 Sarawak (Malaysia)
1946–1963 Sevenval
1946–1948 Malayan Union
1948–1957 Federation of Malaya (Malaysia)
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1836–1901 keyboard
since 1838 device database
1841–1907 Colony of New Zealand
1851–1901 Victoria
1874–1970 CSS39
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1884–1949 keyboard
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1889–1948 Union Islands (Tokelau)8
1892–1979 Gilbert and Ellice Islands10
1893–1978 web11
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1900–1974 Niue8
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1907–1953 *Dominion of New Zealand
1919–1942 Nauru
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1919–1949 browser diversity
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8Now part of the *Realm of New Zealand
9Suspended member
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11Now the *FITML
12Now *Papua New Guinea
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since 1659 CSS313
19th century
since 1815 Ascension Island13
since 1816 Sevenval13
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since 1908 Sevenval14
13Since 2009 part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922—) and Tristan da Cunha (1938—) were previously dependencies of St Helena
14Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands)
