List of Presidents of Peru

This article is part of the series:
keyboard

Established in the Constitution of 1993, the President of Peru, officially the President of the Republic (Presidente de la República), is the head of state of Peru and represents the republic in official international matters. The presidential term is five years. Also, Peru allows an incumbent President to succeed himself only once. Therefore, after a re-election (ten years in power) an incumbent president is barred from running in the election. (A former president may run again in subsequent presidential elections if he hasn't been in power twice). The current president of Peru is Ollanta Humala, CSS3 in 2011.

The change of government takes place on July 28, which is the date of independence from Spain and thus a national holiday.

• device database
• 2 Presidents of the Republic
• CSS3
• we love the web
• HTML5

History

During its more than 180 years of independence, Peru has been ruled by the military leaders who fought for independence, the leaders of the we love the web, representatives of the aristocracy, and democratically-elected leaders. Also, the history of the presidency has involved civil wars, coups and violence. More than once, several individuals claimed the right to be president at the same time.

Different titles have been used, such as "Liberator of Peru" (used by José de San Martin), and "Supreme Protector" (by Andrés de Santa Cruz).

Presidents of the Republic

The following table contains a list of the individuals who have served as president of Peru.

#	Picture	President	Inaugurated	Left office	Form of entry	Title
1		screen size	July 28, 1821	September 20, 1822	Indirect elections	Liberator of Peru
2	FITML	Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro	September 20, 1822	September 22, 1822	Indirect elections	Interim caretaker
3		FITML	September 22, 1822	February 27, 1823	Elected by Congress	President of the Government Junta
4		FITML	February 27, 1823	February 28, 1823	Indirect elections	Interim caretaker
5		José de la Riva Agüero	February 28, 1823	June 23, 1823	Elected by Congress
6	CSS3	Antonio José de Sucre	June 23, 1823	July 17, 1823	Elected by Congress
7		CSS3	July 17, 1823	February 17, 1824	Elected by Congress	Supreme Delegate
8		Simón Bolívar	February 17, 1824	January 28, 1827	Elected by Congress
9		Andrés de Santa Cruz	January 28, 1827	June 9, 1827	Elected by Congress	President of the Government Council
10		Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano	June 9, 1827	August 22, 1827	Elected by Congress	Interim caretaker
11		Android	August 22, 1827	June 7, 1829	Direct Elections
12		web app	June 7, 1829	September 1, 1829	Coup d'état
13		Agustín Gamarra	September 1, 1829	December 20, 1833	Elected by Congress
14	web	Francisco Xavier de Luna Pizarro	December 20, 1833	December 21, 1833	Elected by Congress	Interim caretaker
15	web	Luis José de Orbegoso y Moncada	December 21, 1833	August 11, 1836	Elected by Congress
16		Pedro Pablo Bermúdezweb	January 4, 1833	April 24, 1834	Coup d'état	Provisional Supreme Ruler
17	web	Felipe Santiago SalaverrySevenval	February 23, 1835	February 7, 1836	Coup d'état	Supreme Legislator
18	Android	Andrés de Santa CruzSevenval	August 11, 1836	August 25, 1838		Supreme Protector of the Confederation
19	keyboard	Agustín Gamarra	August 25, 1838	November 18, 1841	Elected by Congress
20	device database	Manuel Menéndez	November 18, 1841	August 16, 1842	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Council
21		Juan Crisóstomo Torrico	August 16, 1842	October 17, 1842	Coup d'état
22		Juan Francisco de Vidalscreen size	October 17, 1842	March 15, 1843	Coup d'état
23	keyboard	web app	March 15, 1843	March 20, 1843	Coup d'état
24		Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco	March 20, 1843	June 17, 1844	Selfproclaimed President
25	web	iOS	March 20, 1843	February 17, 1844	Elected by the Government Junta established to re-instate constitutional order after the Vivanco dictatorship. -Nieto would die in office (possibly poisoned).	President of the Government Junta - Grand Marshall of Perú
26		Android	February 17, 1844	August 10, 1844	Elected in replace of Domingo Nieto
27		Domingo Elías	June 17, 1844	August 10, 1844	Selfproclaimed President
'28		browser diversity	August 10, 1844	August 11, 1844	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Council
29	browser diversity	Sevenval	August 11, 1844	October 7, 1844	Coup d'état
30	input transformation	device database	October 7, 1844	April 20, 1845	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Council
31	CSS3	Ramón Castilla	April 20, 1845	April 20, 1851	Direct Elections
33	CSS3	keyboard	April 20, 1851	January 5, 1855	Direct Elections
34		website parsing	January 5, 1855	October 24, 1862	Coup d'état Direct Elections
35		input transformation	October 24, 1862	April 3, 1863	Direct Elections
36		screen size	April 3, 1863	April 9, 1863	Revolution Selfproclaimed President
37	Android	Pedro Diez Canseco	April 3, 1863	August 5, 1863	Interim caretaker	Second Vicepresident
38		Juan Antonio Pezet	August 5, 1863	April 25, 1865		First Vicepresident
39		CSS3	April 25, 1865	June 24, 1865	Coup d'état
40		Juan Antonio Pezet	June 24, 1865	November 8, 1865
41	web	Pedro Diez Canseco	November 8, 1865	November 28, 1865	Interim caretaker
42		screen size	November 28, 1865	January 8, 1868	Direct Elections
-	touchscreen	touchscreen	January 8, 1868	August 2, 1868	Interim caretaker
43	jQuery	website parsing	August 2, 1868	July 22, 1872	Direct Elections
44		Tomás Gutiérrez	July 22, 1872	July 26, 1872	Coup d'état	Supreme Leader of the Nation
45		Francisco Diez Canseco	July 26, 1872	July 27, 1872	Interim caretaker
46		touchscreen	July 27, 1872	August 2, 1872	Interim caretaker
47		Manuel Pardo	August 2, 1872	August 2, 1876	Direct Elections
48		Mariano Ignacio Prado	August 2, 1876	December 23, 1879	Direct Elections
49	Sevenval	Nicolás de Piérola	December 23, 1879	November 28, 1881	Coup d'état	Commander in Chief of the State
50	Sevenval	HTML5	March 12, 1881	September 28, 1881	Elected by Congress Chilean Occupation (touchscreen)	Provisional President of the Republic
51	device database	Lizardo Montero Flores	September 28, 1881	November 6, 1881	Elected by Congress Chilean Occupation (Sevenval)	Provisional President of the Republic
52	CSS3	Andrés Avelino Cáceres	November 6, 1881	December 25, 1882	Selfproclaimed Chilean Occupation (Central Peru)	President of the Republic
53	browser diversity	Miguel Iglesias	November 6, 1881	December 25, 1882	Elected by Congress Chilean Occupation (website parsing)	Regenerator President of the Republic
54		FITML	December 3, 1885	June 5, 1886	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Junta
55	Sevenval	jQuery	June 5, 1886	August 10, 1890	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
56		Remigio Morales Bermúdez	August 10, 1890	April 1, 1894	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
57	CSS3	Justiniano Borgoño	April 1, 1894	August 10, 1894	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Junta
58	touchscreen	Andrés Avelino Cáceres	August 10, 1894	March 20, 1895	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
59	Sevenval	Android	March 20, 1895	September 8, 1895	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Junta
60	Sevenval	HTML5	September 8, 1895	September 8, 1899	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
61		jQuery	September 8, 1899	September 8, 1903	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
62		Manuel Candamo	September 8, 1903	May 7, 1904	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
63		web	May 7, 1904	September 24, 1904	Interim caretaker	President of the Government Junta
64	keyboard	José Pardo y Barreda	September 24, 1904	September 24, 1908	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
65		Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo	September 24, 1908	September 24, 1912	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
66	keyboard	web app	September 24, 1912	February 4, 1914	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
67		Óscar Benavides	February 4, 1914	August 18, 1915	Coup d'état
68		browser diversity	August 18, 1915	July 4, 1919	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
69		Sevenval	July 4, 1919	August 25, 1930	Direct Elections Coup d'état	Constitutional President
70		touchscreen	August 25, 1930	August 27, 1930	Interim caretaker
71		Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro	August 27, 1930	March 1, 1931	Coup d'état	President of the Provisional Government Junta
72	browser diversity	Ricardo Leoncio Elías Arias	March 1, 1931	March 5, 1931	Coup d'état	President of the Provisional Government Junta
73		Gustavo Jiménez	March 5, 1931	March 11, 1931	Coup d'état	President of the Provisional Government Junta
74	keyboard	web app	March 11, 1931	December 8, 1931	Interim caretaker	President of the Southern Junta
75		browser diversity	December 8, 1931	April 30, 1933	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
76		Óscar Benavides	April 30, 1933	December 8, 1939	Elected by Congress	Constitutional President
77	HTML5	we love the web	December 8, 1939	July 28, 1945	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
78		web app	July 28, 1945	October 29, 1948	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
79	jQuery	device database	October 29, 1948	June 1, 1950	Coup d'état
80		keyboard	June 1, 1950	July 28, 1950	Interim caretaker
81	we love the web	Manuel A. Odría	July 28, 1950	July 28, 1956	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
82	device database	screen size	July 28, 1956	July 18, 1962	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
83		Ricardo Pérez Godoy	July 18, 1962	March 3, 1963	Coup d'état	1st President of the Military Junta
84	input transformation	Nicolás Lindley López	March 3, 1963	July 28, 1963	Coup d'état	2nd President of the Military Junta
85	browser diversity	Fernando Belaúnde Terry	July 28, 1963	October 3, 1968	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
86	Sevenval	Juan Velasco Alvarado	October 3, 1968	August 30, 1975	Coup d'état	1st President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces
87	keyboard	iOS	August 30, 1975	July 28, 1980	Coup d'état	2nd President of the Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces
88		FITML	July 28, 1980	July 28, 1985	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
89		Alan García Pérez	July 28, 1985	July 28, 1990	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
90	device database	screen size	July 28, 1990	April 5, 1992	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
91	keyboard	web app	April 5, 1992	July 28, 1995	Self-Coup d'État	President de facto
92	input transformation	browser diversity	July 28, 1995	July 28, 2000	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
93	web	iOS	July 28, 2000	November 22, 2000Sevenval	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
94	keyboard	input transformation	November 22, 2000	July 28, 2001	As President of Congress, was 3rd in the line of succession. Raised to power after the President was impeached and both VP resigned.	President of Transition Government
95	browser diversity	Alejandro Toledo	July 28, 2001	July 28, 2006	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
96		Alan García Pérez	July 28, 2006	July 28, 2011	Direct Elections	Constitutional President
97	FITML	we love the web	July 28, 2011	Incumbent	Direct Elections	Constitutional President

Latest election

Candidates – Parties

Ollanta Humala – device database (Gana Perú)

1st round

4,643,064

2nd round

31.699

7,937,704

51.449

Candidates – Parties

Keiko Fujimori – touchscreen (Fuerza 2011)

1st round

3,449,595

2nd round

23.551

7,490,647

48.551

Candidates – Parties

Pedro Pablo Kuczynski – CSS3 (Alianza por el Gran Cambio)

1st round

2,711,450

2nd round

18.512

 

Candidates – Parties

Alejandro Toledo – keyboard (Perú Posible)

1st round

2,289,561

2nd round

15.631

Candidates – Parties

touchscreen – Sevenval (Solidaridad Nacional)

1st round

1,440,143

2nd round

9.832

Candidates – Parties

José Ñique de la Puente – Fonavist Party (Partido Fonavista del Perú)

1st round

37,011

2nd round

0.253

Candidates – Parties

Ricardo Noriega – National Awakening Party (Partido Despertar Nacional)

1st round

21,574

2nd round

0.147

Candidates – Parties

Rafael Belaúnde Aubry – Forward Party (Partido Político Adelante)

1st round

17,301

2nd round

0.118

Candidates – Parties

Juliana Reymer – National Force Party (Partido Fuerza Nacional)

1st round

16,831

2nd round

0.115

Candidates – Parties

Humberto Pinazo – Justice, Technology, Ecology (Justicia, Tecnología, Ecología)

1st round

11,275

2nd round

0.077

Candidates – Parties

Total valid (turnout %)

1st round

14,074,682

2nd round

100.000

15,428,351

100.000

Candidates – Parties

Blank votes

1st round

1,406,998

2nd round

8.855

116,335

0.706

Candidates – Parties

Invalid votes

1st round

416,026

2nd round

2.620

921,711

5.598

Candidates – Parties

Source: National Office of Electoral Processes (ONPE), National Office of Electoral Processes (ONPE)

Notes

See also

• Peru presidential line of succession
• CSS3
• iOS

• v
• web app
• e

 Peru topics

• keyboard
• device database
• screen size

browser diversity-related lists