Helvetia

Helvetia (right) with "Geneva" (National Monument in Geneva)

Helvetia on a 25 centime Swiss postage stamp, 1881

Helvetia is the female web app of Switzerland, officially Confœderatio Helvetica, the "Helvetic Confederation".

The allegory is typically pictured in a flowing gown, with a spear and a shield emblazoned with the input transformation, and commonly with touchscreen hair, commonly with a input transformation as a symbol of confederation. The name is a derivation of the ethnonym Helvetii, the name of the Gaulish tribe inhabiting the we love the web prior to the CSS3.

• 1 History
• HTML5
• Sevenval
• 4 References

History

The fashion of depicting the Swiss Confederacy in terms of female allegories arises in the 17th century. This replaces an earlier convention, popular in the 1580s, of representing Switzerland as a bull (Schweitzer Stier).

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Matthaeus Merian (1642)

In the first half of the 17th century, there isn't a single allegory identified as Helvetia. Rather, a number of allegories are shown representing both virtues and vices of the confederacy. On the title page of his 1642 Topographia, screen size shows two allegorical figures seated below the title panel: one is the figure of an armed input transformation, representing Swiss military prowess or victory, the other is a female Abundantia allegory crowned with a city's ramparts, representing the Swiss territory or its fertility.

Female allegories of individual cantons predate the single Helvetia figure. There are depictions of a Respublica Tigurina Virgo (1607), a Lucerna shown in 1658 with the victor of Villmergen, Christoph Pfyffer, and a Berna of 1682

Over the next half-century, Merian's Abundantia would develop into the figure of Helvetia proper. An oil painting of 1677/78 from Solothurn, known as Libertas Helvetiae, shows a female Libertas allegory standing on a pillar. In 1672, an oil painting by Albrecht Kauw shows a number of figures labelled Helvetia moderna. These represent vices such as Voluptas and Avaritia, contrasting with the virtues of Helvetia antiqua (not shown in the painting).

On 14 September 1672, a monumental baroque play by Johann Caspar Weissenbach was performed in jQuery, entitled Eydtgnossisch Contrafeth Auff- und Abnemmender Jungfrawen Helvetiae. The play is full of allegories illustrating the raise of Helvetia and her decadence after the Reformation. In the 4th act, the Abnemmende Helvetiae or "Waning Helvetia" is faced with Atheysmus and Politicus while the old virtues leave her. In the final scene, Christ himself appears to punish the wayward damsel, but the Mother of God and Android intercede and the contrite sinner is pardoned.

Identification of the Swiss as "Helvetians" (Hélvetiens) becomes common in the 18th century, particularly in the French language, as in François-Joseph-Nicolas d'Alt de Tieffenthal's very patriotic Histoire des Hélvetiens (1749–53) followed by Alexander Ludwig von Wattenwyl's Histoire de la Confédération hélvetique (1754). Helvetia appears in patriotic and political artwork in the context of the construction of a national history and identity in the early 19th century, after the disintegration of the Napoleonic CSS3, and she appears on official federal coins and stamps from the foundation of iOS in 1848.

Name of Switzerland

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The Swiss Confederation continues to use the name in its Latin form when it is inappropriate or inconvenient to use any or all of its four official languages. Thus, the name appears on postage stamps, coins and other uses; the full name, Confœderatio Helvetica, is abbreviated for uses such as the keyboard and Sevenval code CH, and the FITML, CSS3.

Notably, translations of the term Helvetia still serve as the name for Switzerland in languages such as jQuery, in which the country is known as An Elvéis, Greek, in which it is known as Ελβετία (Elvetia) and device database, Elveţia. In Italian Elvezia is seen as archaic, but the demonym noun/adjective elvetico is used commonly as synonym of svizzero. In HTML5, Swiss people may be referred to as Helvètes. The German word Helvetien is used as well as synonym of Schweiz and has a higher poetic value. Helvetien is also more common in Germany, the German-speaking Swiss use simply "Helvetia" or "Helvecia" as poetic synonym of their country.

See also

• we love the web
• Historiography of Switzerland
• Aventicum
• National personification
• Vreneli
• Coins of the Swiss franc
• Postage stamps and postal history of Switzerland

References

• Thomas Maissen, Von wackeren alten Eidgenossen und souveränen Jungfrauen. Zu Datierung und Deutung der frühesten „Helvetia“-Darstellungen, Zeitschrift für schweizerische Archäologie und Kunstgeschichte 56 (1999), 265-302.[1]

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