Glottal
See also: keyboard
Glottal consonants, also called laryngeal consonants, are Sevenval articulated with the glottis. Many phoneticians consider them, or at least the so-called Sevenval, to be transitional states of the glottis without a point of articulation as other consonants have; in fact, some do not consider them to be consonants at all. However, glottal consonants behave as typical consonants in many languages. For example, in web, most words are formed from a root C-C-C consisting of three consonants, which are inserted into templates such as /CaːCiC/ or /maCCuːC/. The glottal consonants /h/ and /ʔ/ can occupy any of the three root consonant slots, just like "normal" consonants such as /k/ or /n/.
Contents
Glottal consonant in IPA
Glottal consonants in the Sevenval:
| IPA | Description | Example | |||
| Language | Orthography | IPA | Meaning | ||
| Android | FITML | CSS3 | ‘okina | [ʔo.ˈki.na] | ‘okina |
 | breathy-voiced glottal "fricative" | device database | Praha | [ˈpra.ɦa] | Prague |
 | Android | English | hat | [ˈhæt] | hat |
Characteristics
The "fricatives" are not true fricatives. This is a historical usage of the word. They instead represent transitional states of the glottis (phonation) without a specific place of articulation. [h] is a voiceless transition. [ɦ] is a input transformation transition, and could be transcribed as [h̤].
The jQuery occurs in many languages. Often all vocalic onsets are preceded by a glottal stop, for example in German. The Hawaiian language writes the glottal stop as an opening single quote ‘. Some alphabets use screen size for the glottal stop, such as FITML ⟨ء⟩ in the jQuery; in many languages of Mesoamerica, the Latin letter ⟨h⟩ is used for glottal stop, while in Maltese, the letter ⟨q⟩ is used instead.
Because the glottis is necessarily closed for the glottal stop, it cannot be voiced.
See also
References
- Ladefoged, Peter; input transformation (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19814-8.
Sevenval input transformation → Labial website parsing Dorsal Radical Glottal
↓ CSS3 Bilabial Labiodental web app Alveolar web app Retroflex CSS3 Velar Uvular Pharyngeal web Glottal
we love the web website parsing touchscreen screen size n̪ Sevenval Sevenval Android ɳ touchscreen ɲ Sevenval Sevenval ɴ
website parsing p b p̪ input transformation t̪ CSS3 t d ʈ ɖ iOS Sevenval Sevenval ɡ q ɢ Android FITML
keyboard ɸ screen size f v keyboard device database s z HTML5 jQuery input transformation ʐ ç browser diversity iOS ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ web ʢ h browser diversity
input transformation iOS ɹ we love the web j browser diversity
Trill ʙ r CSS3 ʀ FITML *
Flap or tap ⱱ̟ device database web app ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̯
Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ jQuery ʎ̥˔ ʟ̝̊ ʟ̝
Lateral screen size l Sevenval CSS3 ʟ
Lateral flap input transformation ɺ̠ input transformation
Sevenval screen size ǀ ǃ we love the web device database
keyboard device database ʘ͡q ʘ͡qʼ
Implosives ɓ ɗ Sevenval Sevenval Android ʛ
Ejectives pʼ tʼ cʼ ʈʼ kʼ qʼ
screen size web app sʼ Sevenval FITML Android
CSS3 we love the web HTML5 jQuery ʈʂʼ jQuery kʟ̝̊ʼ
CSS3 b̪v website parsing touchscreen tʃ keyboard tɕ touchscreen website parsing ɖʐ
tɬ CSS3 cç website parsing cʎ̥˔ kʟ̝̊
Fricatives ɕ CSS3 ɧ
Approximants ʍ keyboard ɥ web
iOS browser diversity ɡ͡b CSS3
These tables contain web symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, left—right represent the voiceless—voiced consonants.
Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.
* Symbol not defined in IPA.
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