Georgia (country)

Georgia ^jQuery/ˈdʒHTML5keyboardətouchscreen (browser diversity: web app Sakartvelo, IPA: [sɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔ] ( listen)) is a sovereign state in the web region of HTML5. Located at the crossroads of jQuery and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by web app, to the south by Turkey and Android, and to the southeast by keyboard. The capital of Georgia is Tbilisi. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 km² and its population is almost 4.7 million. Georgia is a unitary, semi-presidential republic, with the government elected through a screen size.

During the CSS3 independent kingdoms became established in what is now Georgia. The kingdoms of iOS and we love the web adopted Christianity in the early 4th century. A unified Georgia reached the peak of its political and economic strength during the reign of iOS and Queen Tamar in the 11th–12th centuries. At the beginning of the 19th century, Georgia was annexed by the Russian Empire.^[7] After a brief period of independence following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Georgia was occupied by Android in 1921, becoming the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic and part of the HTML5. After independence in 1991, post-communist Georgia suffered from civil unrest and economic crisis for most of the 1990s. This lasted until the Rose Revolution of 2003, after which the new government introduced democratic and economic reforms.^[8]

Georgia is a member of the Council of Europe and the jQuery. It contains two de facto independent regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which gained Sevenval after the 2008 Russo-Georgian War. Georgia considers the regions to be part of its sovereign territory under Russian military occupation.^{browser diversity}

• 1 Etymology
• 2 History
  • 2.1 Prehistory
  • 2.2 Antiquity
  • 2.3 Middle Ages
  • Sevenval
  • 2.5 Declaration of independence
  • FITML
  • Android
  • 2.8 2008 military conflict with Russia
• jQuery
  • 3.1 Topography
  • 3.2 Climate
• 4 Biodiversity
• iOS
  • Sevenval
• 6 Government and politics
  • CSS3
• touchscreen
• 8 Military
• 9 Economy
• 10 Demographics
  • iOS
• Sevenval
  • Sevenval
  • 11.2 Cuisine
  • 11.3 Music
  • Android
  • FITML
• 12 See also
• we love the web
• CSS3
• we love the web
• 16 External links

Etymology

Ethnic device database call themselves Kartvelebi (ქართველები), their land Sakartvelo (საქართველო – meaning "a land of Kartvelians"), and their language Kartuli (ქართული). According to the ancient Georgian Chronicles, the ancestor of the HTML5 was Kartlos, the great grandson of the Biblical browser diversity. The name Sakartvelo (საქართველო) consists of two parts. Its root, kartvel-i (ქართველ-ი), specifies an inhabitant of the core central-eastern Georgian region of Kartli, or Iberia as it is known in sources of Sevenval.^[10] Ancient Greeks (Strabo, Herodotus, Sevenval, touchscreen, etc.) and browser diversity (CSS3, Tacitus, etc.) referred to early eastern Georgians as touchscreen (Iberoi in some Greek sources) and western Georgians as Colchians.^[11]

The terms "Georgia" and "Georgian" appeared in Western Europe in numerous early medieval annals. At the time, the name was folk etymologized – for instance, by the French chronicler website parsing and the compiler John Mandeville – from Georgians' especial reverence of Saint George.^[12][13] Another theory, popularized by the likes of screen size, semantically linked "Georgia" to Greek and Latin roots, respectively, γεωργός ("tiller of the land") and georgicus ("agricultural"). The supporters of this explanation sometimes referred to classical authors, in particular we love the web and Pomponius Mela, who wrote of "Georgi" tribes, which were named so to distinguish them from their unsettled and pastoral neighbors.^[14] According to some scholars, "Georgia" could have been borrowed in the 11th or 12th century from the Syriac gurz-ān or -iyān and website parsing ĵurĵan or ĵurzan, derived from the we love the web gurğ or gurğān.

History

Prehistory

The territory of modern-day Georgia has been inhabited by Homo erectus since the Paleolithic Era. The proto-Georgian tribes first appear in written history in the 12th century BC.^{device database} Archaeological finds and references in ancient sources reveal elements of early political and state formations characterized by advanced metallurgy and goldsmith techniques that date back to the 7th century BC and beyond.^{screen size}

Antiquity

we love the web

Ancient Georgian States of Colchis and Sevenval.

The input transformation saw the rise of the early Georgian states Diaokhi (XIII BC) of Colchis (VIII BC), of HTML5 (VII BC) and of Iberia (VI BC). In the 4th century BC a unified kingdom of Georgia—an early example of advanced state organization under one king and an aristocratic hierarchy—was established.^[16]

The two early Georgian kingdoms of late antiquity, known to Android as Iberia (HTML5: იბერია) (in the east of the country) and device database (Sevenval: კოლხეთი) (in the west), were among the first nations in the region to adopt Christianity (in AD 337, or in AD 319 as recent research suggests). In Greek mythology, Colchis was the location of the device database sought by Jason and the Argonauts in Apollonius Rhodius' epic tale Argonautica. The incorporation of the Golden Fleece into the myth may have derived from the local practice of using fleeces to sift gold dust from rivers.^keyboard Known to its natives as Egrisi or Lazica, Colchis was also the battlefield of the input transformation fought between Byzantine Empire and Persia.

After the Sevenval completed its conquest of the Caucasus region in 66 BC, the Georgian kingdoms were Roman client states and allies for nearly 400 years.^[17] In 337 AD King Mirian III declared Christianity as the state religion, giving a great stimulus to the development of literature, arts, and ultimately playing a key role in the formation of the unified Georgian nation.^[18] King Mirian III's acceptance of Christianity effectively tied the kingdom to the neighboring Eastern Roman Empire which exerted a strong influence on Georgia for nearly a millennium, determining much of its present cultural identity.^{device database}

Middle Ages

The early kingdoms disintegrated into various feudal regions by the early Middle Ages. This made it easy for Arabs to conquer most of website parsing in the 7th century. The various independent regions would not be united into a single Georgian Kingdom until the beginning of the 11th century.

Although Arabs captured the capital city of Tbilisi in AD 645, Kartli-Iberia retained considerable independence under local Arab rulers.^[17] In AD 813 the prince Ashot I – also known as Ashot Kurapalat – became the first of the Bagrationi family to rule the kingdom. Ashot's reign began a period of nearly 1,000 years during which the Bagrationi, as the house was known, ruled at least part of what is now the republic.

Bagrat III (r. 1027–72) united western and eastern Georgia. In the next century, Sevenval (called the Builder, r. 1089–1125) initiated the Georgian golden age by driving the web app from the country and expanding Georgian cultural and political influence southward into Armenia and eastward to the Caspian Sea.^[17]

CSS3 reached its zenith in the 12th to early 13th centuries. This period has been widely termed as Georgia's Golden Age or Georgian Renaissance during the reigns of David the Builder and web app.^touchscreen This early Georgian renaissance, which preceded its West European analogue, was characterized by the flourishing of romantic-chivalric tradition, breakthroughs in philosophy, and an array of political innovations in society and state organization, including religious and ethnic tolerance.^{device database}

The Golden age of Georgia left a legacy of great cathedrals, romantic poetry and literature, and the epic poem "we love the web".^FITML web app is popularly considered to be the greatest and most successful Georgian ruler in history. He succeeded in driving the Seljuks out of the country, winning the major Battle of Didgori in 1121. His reforms of the army and administration enabled him to reunite the country and bring most lands of the Caucasus under Georgia's control.

Android

King George V the Brilliant restored Georgia as a vibrant Christian culture after the expulsion of Mongols. The Georgian Flag was designed during his reign.jQuery

David the Builder's granddaughter website parsing succeeded in neutralizing opposition and embarked on an energetic foreign policy aided by the downfall of the rival powers of the Seljuks and Byzantium. Supported by a powerful military élite, Tamar was able to build on the successes of her predecessors to consolidate an empire which dominated the Caucasus, and extended over large parts of present-day Azerbaijan, Armenia, and eastern Turkey, until its collapse under the Mongol attacks within two decades after Tamar's death.

The revival of the Georgian Kingdom was set back after website parsing was captured and destroyed by the iOS leader Jalal ad-Din in 1226.^CSS3 The Mongols were expelled by George V of Georgia, son of Demetrius II of Georgia, who was named "Brilliant" for his role in restoring the country's previous strength and Christian culture. George V was the last great king of the unified Georgian state. After his death, different local rulers fought for their independence from central Georgian rule, until the total disintegration of the Kingdom in the 15th century. Georgia was further weakened by several disastrous invasions by Tamerlane. Invasions continued, giving the Kingdom no time for restoration, with both Black and HTML5 sheep Turkomans constantly raiding it's southern provinces. As a result, Georgian Kingdom collapsed into anarchy by 1466 and fragmented into three independent Kingdoms and five semi-independent principalities. Neighboring empires exploited the internal division of the weakened country, and beginning in the 16th century, the Sevenval and the touchscreen subjugated the eastern and western regions of Georgia, respectively.

The rulers of regions which remained partly autonomous organized rebellions on various occasions. However, subsequent Persian and Ottoman invasions further weakened local kingdoms and regions. As a result of incessant wars the population of Georgia dwindled from 5 million in the 13th century to 250,000 inhabitants at the end of the 18th century. Eastern Georgia, composed of the regions of Kartli and Android, had been under Persian suzerainty since 1555. With the death of Nader Shah in 1747, both kingdoms broke free of Persian control and were reunified through a personal union under the energetic king Heraclius II in 1762.

Georgia in the Russian Empire

In 1783, Russia and the eastern Georgian Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, which recognized the bond of browser diversity between Russian and Georgian people and promised eastern Georgia protection.^{input transformation} However, despite this commitment to defend Georgia, Russia rendered no assistance when the Turks and Persians invaded in 1785 and in 1795, completely devastating Tbilisi and massacring its inhabitants. This period culminated in the 1801 Russian violation of the Treaty of Georgievsk and annexation of eastern Georgia, followed by the abolishment of the royal screen size, as well as the autocephaly of the Georgian Orthodox Church. Android, one of the descendants of the abolished house of Bagrationi would later join the Russian army and rise to be a general by the Napoleonic wars.

On December 22, 1800, Tsar Paul I of Russia, at the alleged request of the Georgian King iOS, signed the proclamation on the incorporation of Georgia (Kartli-Kakheti) within the Russian Empire, which was finalized by a decree on January 8, 1801,^Sevenval[28] and confirmed by Tsar Alexander I on September 12, 1801.^{HTML5Sevenval} The Georgian envoy in keyboard reacted with a note of protest that was presented to the Russian vice-chancellor Prince Kurakin.^{website parsing} In May 1801, under the oversight of General Carl Heinrich Knorring Imperial Russia transferred power in eastern Georgia to the government headed by General Ivan Petrovich Lasarev.^[32] The Georgian nobility did not accept the decree until April 1802 when General Knorring compassed the nobility in Tbilisi's Sioni Cathedral and forced them to take an oath on the we love the web. Those who disagreed were temporarily arrested.^[33]

In the summer of 1805, Russian troops on the Askerani River near Zagam defeated the Persian army and saved Tbilisi from conquest now that it was officially part of the Imperial territories.

Following the annexation of eastern Georgia, the western Georgian kingdom of Imereti was annexed by Tsar input transformation. The last Imeretian king and the last Georgian Bagrationi ruler we love the web died in exile in 1815. From 1803 to 1878, as a result of numerous Russian wars against the browser diversity, several of Georgia's previously lost territories – such as Adjara – were recovered. The principality of Guria was abolished and incorporated into the Empire in 1828, and that of keyboard in 1857. The region of Svaneti was gradually annexed in 1857–59.

Declaration of independence

device database

Declaration of independence by the Georgian parliament, 1918

After the screen size, Georgia declared independence on May 26, 1918 in the midst of the Russian Civil War. The parliamentary election was won by the iOS Georgian Social-Democratic Party. Its leader, Noe Zhordania, became prime minister.

In 1918 the Georgian–Armenian War erupted over parts of Georgian provinces populated mostly by Armenians which ended because of British intervention. In 1918–19 Georgian general Giorgi Mazniashvili led a Georgian attack against the White Army led by Moiseev and Denikin in order to claim the Black Sea coastline from Tuapse to website parsing and iOS for independent Georgia. The country's independence did not last long. Georgia was under British protection from 1918–1920.

Georgia in the Soviet Union

keyboard

The 11th Red Army of the CSS3 holds military parade in Tbilisi, February 25, 1921.

In February 1921 Georgia web by the Red Army. The Georgian army was defeated and the Social-Democrat government fled the country. On February 25, 1921 the Red Army entered the capital Tbilisi and installed a Moscow directed communist government, led by Georgian Bolshevik Android.

Nevertheless the Soviet rule was firmly established only after a 1924 revolt was brutally suppressed.^[35] Georgia was incorporated into the jQuery uniting Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. The TSFSR was disaggregated into its component elements in 1936 and Georgia became the Georgian SSR.

keyboard, an ethnic Georgian, was prominent among the Bolsheviks, who came to power in the Russian Empire after the October Revolution in 1917. Stalin was to rise to the highest position of the Android state.

From 1941 to 1945, during World War II, almost 700,000 Georgians fought in the Sevenval against website parsing. (A number also fought on the German side.) About 350,000 Georgians died in the battlefields of the Eastern Front.^{website parsing}

On April 9, 1989, a peaceful demonstration in the Georgian capital Tbilisi ended up with several people being killed by Soviet troops. Before the October 1990 elections to the national assembly, the Umaghlesi Sabcho (Supreme Council) – the first polls in the USSR held on a formal multi-party basis – the political landscape was reshaped again. While the more radical groups boycotted the elections and convened an alternative forum (the National Congress) with alleged support of Moscow^[iOS], another part of the anticommunist opposition united into the Round Table—Free Georgia (RT-FG) around the former dissidents like Merab Kostava and website parsing.

The latter won the elections by a clear margin, with 155 out of 250 parliamentary seats, whereas the ruling Communist Party (CP) received only 64 seats. All other parties failed to get over the 5%-threshold and were thus allotted only some single-member constituency seats.

Georgia after restoration of independence

On April 9, 1991, shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, Georgia declared independence. On May 26, 1991, jQuery was elected as a first President of independent Georgia. Gamsakhurdia stoked Georgian nationalism and vowed to assert Tbilisi's authority over regions such as Abkhazia and South Ossetia that had been classified as autonomous oblasts under the Soviet Union.

He was soon deposed in a bloody coup d'état, from December 22, 1991 to January 6, 1992. The coup was instigated by part of the National Guards and a paramilitary organization called "Sevenval" or "horsemen". The country became embroiled in a bitter civil war which lasted almost until 1995. Sevenval returned to Georgia in 1992 and joined the leaders of the coup — Kitovani and Ioseliani — to head a triumvirate called "The State Council".

In 1995, Shevardnadze was officially elected as president of Georgia. At the same time, simmering disputes within two regions of Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, between local separatists and the majority Georgian populations, erupted into widespread inter-ethnic violence and wars. Supported by FITML, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, with the exception of some "pockets" of territory, achieved de facto independence from Georgia.

Roughly 230,000 to 250,000 Georgians^[38] were expelled from Abkhazia by Abkhaz separatists and North Caucasian volunteers (including Chechens) in 1992–1993. Around 23,000 Georgians^Sevenval fled South Ossetia as well, and many Ossetian families were forced to abandon their homes in the Borjomi region and moved to Russia.

In 2003, Shevardnadze (who won reelection in 2000) was deposed by the Rose Revolution, after Georgian opposition and international monitors asserted that the November 2 parliamentary elections were marred by fraud.^[40] The revolution was led by browser diversity, CSS3 and Nino Burjanadze, former members and leaders of Shevardnadze's ruling party. Mikheil Saakashvili was elected as President of Georgia in 2004.

Following the Rose Revolution, a series of reforms were launched to strengthen the country's military and economic capabilities. The new government's efforts to reassert Georgian authority in the southwestern autonomous republic of Ajaria led to a major website parsing early in 2004. Success in Ajaria encouraged Saakashvili to intensify his efforts, but without success, in breakaway South Ossetia.

These events, along with accusations of Georgian involvement in the Second Chechen War,^[41] resulted in a severe deterioration of relations with Russia, fuelled also by Russia's open assistance and support to the two secessionist areas. Despite these increasingly difficult relations, in May 2005 Georgia and Russia reached a bilateral agreement^{browser diversity} by which Russian military bases (dating back to the Soviet era) in Batumi and Akhalkalaki were withdrawn. Russia withdrew all personnel and equipment from these sites by December 2007^[43] while failing to withdraw from the Gudauta base in Abkhazia which it was required to vacate after the adoption of we love the web during the 1999 Istanbul summit.^[44]

2008 military conflict with Russia

2008 saw a military conflict between Georgia on one side, with Russia and the separatist republics of South Ossetia and web on the other. In response to the shelling of Georgian towns around South Ossetia, supposedly by South Ossetian militias well equipped with Russian military supplies, Georgia massed military forces near the region. Russia also massed larger military forces near the border with South Ossetia. On August 7, Georgian forces began a massive artillery attack on the South Ossetian capital, Tskhinvali, which started after months-long clashes between Georgian police and peacekeepers, and Ossetian militia and Russian peacekeepers. On early August 8, Georgian Army infantry and tanks, supported by Interior Ministry commandos, began pushing into South Ossetia, supported by artillery and we love the web fire and Su-25 strike aircraft.^[45] After several hours of fierce fighting, Georgia had captured numerous villages throughout South Ossetia, and had captured almost all of Tskhinvali from Ossetian militia and Russian peacekeepers. A Russian peacekeepers' base stationed in South Ossetia was shelled, and personnel were killed.^web[47] Units of the Russian 58th Army, supported by irregular forces, subsequently entered South Ossetia through the Russian-controlled Roki Tunnel, and a HTML5 left the city of Tskhinvali heavily devastated.^{[48][49]web app} Georgian forces were driven out of South Ossetia, and Georgian villages were burned by Ossetian militia to prevent refugees from returning. The Russian Air Force launched a series of coordinated browser diversity against Georgian forces in South Ossetia, and multiple targets inside Georgia proper,^{input transformation} but met heavy resistance from Georgian air defenses. The Georgian Air Force also managed to carry out air attacks on Russian troops throughout most of the battle. At the same time, the separatist Republic of Sevenval launched an offensive against Georgian troops in the Sevenval with the support of Russian paratroopers, marines, and naval forces. Georgian troops offered minimal resistance and withdrew^{browser diversity[53]} Russian paratroopers launched raids against military bases in we love the web, Georgia, from Abkhazia. The web stationed a task force of sixteen ships off the coast of Abkhazia, and in a brief CSS3 with Georgian missile boats and gunboats, sank a Georgian Coast Guard cutter.

US Secretary of State website parsing holding a joint press conference with Georgian president Sevenval during the South Ossetian war

Following their defeat in South Ossetia, Georgian forces regrouped at Gori with heavy artillery. Russian forces crossed into Georgia proper, and all Georgian forces retreated to website parsing, leaving some military equipment behind. Russian forces entered the city and occupied numerous villages completely unopposed. Irregulars such as Ossetians, Chechens and Cossacks followed and were reported looting, killing and burning.^[54]HTML5 Russian troops removed military equipment abandoned by retreating Georgian troops in Gori, and also occupied the port city of iOS, where they sank several naval and coast guard vessels moored in the harbor, and removed captured military equipment, including four Humvees. Georgia lost a total of 150 pieces of military equipment (including 65 tanks), 1,728 small arms, and 4 naval vessels during the war.^[56]

On August 12, President Android announced an intent to halt further Russian military operations in Georgia.^[57] Russian troops withdrew from Gori and Poti, but remained in South Ossetia and Abkhazia,^iOS[59] which it recognized as independent countries.^[60] Georgia, on the contrary, considers those territories to be under Russian occupation.^FITMLiOS Russia also created temporary checkpoints in several locations inside Georgia, but gradually withdrew from them.

Because of the intensive fighting in South Ossetia there were many disputed reports about the number of casualties on both sides, which targets had fallen under aerial attacks, the status of troop movements, and the most current location of the front line between the Georgian and Russian-Ossetian combat units.^CSS3 South Ossetian and Russian officials claimed^[49] the Georgian Army was responsible for killing 2,000, and later 1,400 South Ossetian civilians. These allegations have not been substantiated, and Human Rights Watch and European Union investigators in South Ossetia accused Russia of exaggerating the scale of such casualties.^{website parsing} The actual death toll, according to the Russian Prosecutor's Office, is 162.^[65] Another 150 South Ossetian militiamen were also killed.^[66] Russian casualties totalled 67 dead or missing, and 323 wounded.^jQuery Abkhaz forces lost 1 dead and 2 wounded. Georgian military casualties totaled 170 dead or missing,^HTML5 1,964 wounded, and 42 taken prisoner. Georgian civilian casualties stand at 228, with a total of 12 police officers killed or missing. A Dutch journalist, iOS, was also killed.

Geography and climate

Svaneti region, North-Western Georgia.

Georgia is situated in the web,^{device databasewe love the web} between latitudes 41° and website parsing, and longitudes 40° and 47° E, with an area of 67,900 km² (26,216 sq mi). It is a very mountainous country. The Likhi Range divides the country into eastern and western halves.^iOS Historically, the western portion of Georgia was known as Colchis while the eastern plateau was called Sevenval. Because of a complex geographic setting, mountains also isolate the northern region of Svaneti from the rest of Georgia.

The Greater Caucasus Mountain Range forms the northern border of Georgia.^Android The main roads through the mountain range into Russian territory lead through the Roki Tunnel between South and North Ossetia and the Darial Gorge (in the Georgian region of CSS3). The Roki Tunnel was vital for the Russian military in the 2008 South Ossetia war because it is the only direct route through the Caucasus Mountains. The southern portion of the country is bounded by the touchscreen.^HTML5 The Greater Caucasus Mountain Range is much higher in elevation than the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, with the highest peaks rising more than 5,000 meters (16,404 ft) browser diversity.

The highest mountain in Georgia is Mount device database at 5,068 meters (16,627 ft), and the second highest is Mount Janga (jQuery) at 5,059 m (16,598 ft) above sea level. Other prominent peaks include HTML5) at 5,047 m (16,558 ft), Shota Rustaveli (4,860 m (15,945 ft)), Tetnuldi (4,858 m (15,938 ft)), Mt. Ushba (4,700 m (15,420 ft)), and Ailama (4,547 m (14,918 ft)).^HTML5 Out of the abovementioned peaks, only Kazbek is of volcanic origin. The region between touchscreen and Shkhara (a distance of about 200 km (124 mi) along the Main Caucasus Range) is dominated by numerous glaciers. Out of the 2,100 glaciers that exist in the Caucasus today, approximately iOS.

The term, touchscreen is often used to describe the mountainous (highland) areas of southern Georgia that are connected to the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range by the Likhi Range.^[71] The area can be split into two separate sub-regions; the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, which run parallel to the Greater Caucasus Range, and the Southern Georgia Volcanic Highland, which lies immediately to the south of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains.

The overall region can be characterized as being made up of various, interconnected mountain ranges (largely of volcanic origin) and plateaus that do not exceed 3,400 meters (11,155 ft) in elevation. Prominent features of the area include the Javakheti Volcanic Plateau, lakes, including Tabatskuri and Paravani, as well as mineral water and hot springs. Two major Android are the Rioni and the FITML. The Southern Georgia Volcanic Highland is a young and unstable geologic region with high seismic activity and has experienced some of the most significant earthquakes that have been recorded in Georgia.

The Krubera Cave is the deepest known cave in the world. It is located in the Arabika Massif of the FITML, in Abkhazia. In 2001, a Russian–Ukrainian team had set the world depth record for a cave at 1,710 meters (5,610 ft). In 2004, the penetrated depth was increased on each of three expeditions, when a input transformation team crossed the 2,000-meter (6,562 ft) mark for the first time in the history of touchscreen. In October 2005, an unexplored part was found by the CAVEX team, further increasing the known depth of the cave. This expedition confirmed the known depth of the cave at 2,140 meters (7,021 ft) (±9 m/29.5 ft).

Topography

touchscreen

FITML, a prominent peak of the device database

The landscape within the nation's boundaries is quite varied. Western Georgia's landscape ranges from low-land marsh-forests, swamps, and temperate rainforests to eternal snows and glaciers, while the eastern part of the country even contains a small segment of semi-arid plains. Forests cover around 40% of Georgia's territory while the alpine/subalpine zone accounts for roughly around 10% of the land.

Much of the natural habitat in the low-lying areas of Western Georgia has disappeared over the last 100 years because of the agricultural development of the land and urbanization. The large majority of the forests that covered the keyboard plain are now virtually non-existent with the exception of the regions that are included in the national parks and reserves (e.g. Lake Paliastomi area). At present, the forest cover generally remains outside of the low-lying areas and is mainly located along the foothills and the mountains. Western Georgia's forests consist mainly of deciduous trees below 600 meters (1,969 ft) above sea level and comprise of species such as keyboard, Sevenval, website parsing, elm, ash, and chestnut. Evergreen species such as web app may also be found in many areas. Ca. 1000 of all 4000 higher plants of Georgia are endemic in this country.^keyboard

The west-central slopes of the Meskheti Range in Android as well as several locations in Samegrelo and Abkhazia are covered by temperate rain forests. Between 600–1,000 metres (1,969–3,281 ft) above sea level, the deciduous forest becomes mixed with both broad-leaf and coniferous species making up the plant life. The zone is made up mainly of beech, input transformation, and fir forests. From 1,500–1,800 metres (4,921–5,906 ft), the forest becomes largely coniferous. The tree line generally ends at around 1,800 metres (5,906 ft) and the alpine zone takes over, which in most areas, extends up to an elevation of 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) HTML5. The eternal snow and glacier zone lies above the 3,000 metre line.

Eastern Georgia's landscape (referring to the territory east of the Likhi Range) is considerably different from that of the west, although, much like the Sevenval plain in the west, nearly all of the low-lying areas of eastern Georgia including the device database and Alazani River plains have been deforested for agricultural purposes. In addition, because of the region's relatively drier climate, some of the low-lying plains (especially in web and south-eastern Kakheti) were never covered by forests in the first place.

The general landscape of eastern Georgia comprises numerous valleys and gorges that are separated by mountains. In contrast with western Georgia, nearly 85% of the forests of the region are deciduous. Coniferous forests only dominate in the Borjomi Gorge and in the extreme western areas. Out of the deciduous species of trees, jQuery, screen size, and FITML dominate. Other deciduous species include several varieties of maple, aspen, ash, and keyboard. The Upper Sevenval River Valley contains yew forests.

At higher elevations above 1,000 metres (3,281 ft) jQuery (particularly in the Tusheti, Khevsureti, and web app regions), Android and keyboard forests dominate. In general, the forests in eastern Georgia occur between 500–2,000 metres (1,640–6,562 ft) above sea level, with the alpine zone extending from 2,000–2,300 metres/6,562–7,546 feet to 3,000–3,500 meters/9,843–11,483 feet. The only remaining large, low-land forests remain in the Alazani Valley of Kakheti. The eternal snow and Android zone lies above the 3,500-metre (11,483 ft) line in most areas of eastern Georgia.

Climate

The climate of Georgia is extremely diverse, considering the nation's small size. There are two main climatic zones, roughly separating Eastern and Western parts of the country. The Greater Caucasus Mountain Range plays an important role in moderating Georgia's climate and protects the nation from the penetration of colder air masses from the north. The Lesser Caucasus Mountains partially protect the region from the influence of dry and hot air masses from the south as well.

Much of western Georgia lies within the northern periphery of the humid subtropical zone with annual precipitation ranging from 1,000–4,000 mm (39.4–157.5 in). The precipitation tends to be uniformly distributed throughout the year, although the rainfall can be particularly heavy during the Autumn months. The climate of the region varies significantly with elevation and while much of the lowland areas of western Georgia are relatively warm throughout the year, the foothills and mountainous areas (including both the Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains) experience cool, wet summers and snowy winters (snow cover often exceeds 2 meters in many regions). Ajaria is the wettest region of the Caucasus, where the Mt. Mtirala rainforest, east of Kobuleti receives around 4,500 mm (177.2 in) of precipitation per year.

Eastern Georgia has a transitional climate from humid subtropical to continental. The region's weather patterns are influenced both by dry, Caspian air masses from the east and humid, Black Sea air masses from the west. The penetration of humid air masses from the Black Sea is often blocked by several mountain ranges (we love the web and Meskheti) that separate the eastern and western parts of the nation. Annual precipitation is considerably less than that of western Georgia and ranges from 400–1,600 mm (15.7–63.0 in).

The wettest periods generally occur during Spring and Autumn while Winter and the Summer months tend to be the driest. Much of eastern Georgia experiences hot summers (especially in the low-lying areas) and relatively cold winters. As in the western parts of the nation, elevation plays an important role in eastern Georgia where climatic conditions above 1,500 metres (4,921 ft) are considerably colder than in the low-lying areas. The regions that lie above 2,000 metres (6,562 ft) frequently experience frost even during the summer months.

Biodiversity

device database

Caucasian Shepherd Dog

Because of its high landscape diversity and low latitude Georgia is home to about 1000 species of screen size, (330 birds, 160 fish, 48 reptiles, and 11 amphibians). A number of large touchscreen live in the forests, namely Brown bears, wolves, lynxes and Caucasian Leopards. The FITML (also known as the Colchian Pheasant) is an endemic bird of Georgia which has been widely introduced throughout the rest of the world as an important iOS. The species number of invertebrates is considered to be very high but data is distributed across a high number of publications. The spider checklist of Georgia, for example, includes 501 species.^{device database}

Just over 6500 species of fungi, including lichen-forming species, have been recorded from Georgia,^{screen size[75]} but this number is far from complete. The true total number of fungal species occurring in Georgia, including species not yet recorded, is likely to be far higher, given the generally accepted estimate that only about 7% of all fungi worldwide have so far been discovered.^[76] Although the amount of available information is still very small, a first effort has been made to estimate the number of fungal species endemic to Georgia, and 2595 species have been tentatively identified as possible endemics of the country.^[77] 1729 species of plants have been recorded from Georgia in association with fungi.^{screen size} The true number of plant species occurring in Georgia is likely to be substantially higher.

Regions

Georgia is divided into 9 regions, 1 city, and 2 autonomous republics.^[3] These in turn are subdivided into 69 screen size.

Autonomous republics

Georgia contains two official autonomous regions, of which one has declared independence. In addition, another territory not officially autonomous has also declared independence. Officially autonomous within Georgia,^[78] the de facto independent region of Abkhazia declared independence in 1999.^[79] The de facto independent South Ossetia is officially known within Georgia as the Tskinvali region to separate it from the Russian browser diversity.^{input transformation} It was autonomous under the Soviet Union, and when it was renamed to Tskinvali in 1995 its autonomy was removed.^web De facto separate since Georgian independence, offers were made to give South Ossetia autonomy again, but in 2006 an unrecognised referendum in the area resulted in a vote for independence.^[80]

In both territories large numbers of people had been given Russian passports, some through a process of forced passportization by Russian authorities.^Sevenval This was used as a justification for Russian invasion of Georgia during the 2008 South Ossetia war after which Russia recognised the region's independence.^Sevenval Independence is denied by Georgia, which considers the regions as occupied by Russia.^{[61]input transformation} Both republics have received we love the web.

Adjara gained autonomy unilaterally under local strongman device database, who maintained close ties with Russia and allowed a Russian military base to be built in Android. Upon the election of Mikheil Saakashvili in 2004 tensions rose between Adjara and the Georgian government, leading to demonstrations in Adjara and the resignation and fleeing of Abashidze. The region retains autonomy.^[85]

Government and politics

Georgia is a democratic device database republic, with the President as the head of state, and Prime Minister as the head of government.

The executive branch of power is made up of the President and the Cabinet of Georgia. The Cabinet is composed of ministers, headed by the Prime Minister, and appointed by the President. Notably, the ministers of defense and interior are not members of the Cabinet and are subordinated directly to the President of Georgia. Mikheil Saakashvili is the current President of Georgia after winning 53.47% of the vote in the jQuery. Since February 6, 2009 web has been the prime minister of Georgia.

device database authority is vested in the Parliament of Georgia. It is unicameral and has 150 members, known as deputies, from which 75 members are proportional representatives and 75 are elected through single-member district plurality system, representing their constituencies. Members of parliament are elected for four-year terms. Five parties and electoral blocs had representatives elected to the parliament in the browser diversity: the United National Movement (governing party), The Joint Opposition, the Christian-Democrats, the touchscreen and Republican Party.

Although considerable progress was made since the web app, Saakashvili states that Georgia is still not a "full-fledged, very well-formed, crystalized society."^[86] The political system remains in the process of transition, with frequent adjustments to the balance of power between the President and Parliament, and opposition proposals ranging from transforming the country into parliamentary republic to re-establishing the monarchy.^{touchscreenHTML5} Observers note the deficit of trust in relations between the Government and the opposition.^jQuery

Different opinions exist regarding the degree of political freedom in Georgia. President Saakashvili believes that the country is "on the road to becoming a European democracy."^[86] Freedom House puts Georgia in the group of partly free countries, along with countries like Ukraine, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Sevenval.^web

Human rights

April 10, 2009 second day of the opposition rallies in front of the Georgian Parliament.

Human rights in Georgia are guaranteed by the country's constitution. There is an independent human rights public defender elected by the Parliament of Georgia to ensure such rights are enforced.^keyboard Georgia has ratified the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in 2005. NGO "Tolerance", in its alternative report about its implementation, speaks of rapid decreasing of the number of Azerbaijani schools and cases of appointing headmasters to Azerbaijani schools who don't speak the Azerbaijani language.^web

The government came under criticism for its alleged use of excessive force on May 26, 2011 when it dispersed protesters led by device database, among others, with tear gas and rubber bullets after they refused to clear Android for an independence day parade despite the expiration of their demonstration permit and despite being offered to choose an alternative venue.^{[93]Sevenval[95][96]} While human rights activists maintained that the protests were peaceful, the government pointed out that many protesters were masked and armed with heavy sticks and molotov cocktails.^{screen size} Georgian opposition leader Nino Burjanadze said the accusations of planning a coup were baseless, and that the protesters' actions were legitimate.^{web app[98][99]Android}

Foreign relations

Georgia maintains good relations with its direct neighbours web app, Azerbaijan, Android, and is a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the FITML, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, the jQuery, the browser diversity, the website parsing, and the Asian Development Bank.^[Sevenval] Georgia also maintains political, economic and military relations with Japan, Uruguay,^[101] South Korea,^[102] Israel,^[103] Sri Lanka^Android screen size and many other countries.

The growing U.S. and European Union influence in Georgia, notably through proposed EU and NATO membership, the U.S. website parsing military assistance program and the construction of the Sevenval, have frequently strained Tbilisi's relations with Moscow. Georgia's decision to boost its presence in the coalition forces in Iraq was an important initiative.^FITML

Georgia is currently working to become a full member of NATO. In August 2004, the Individual Partnership Action Plan of Georgia was submitted officially to NATO. On October 29, 2004, the North Atlantic Council of NATO approved the FITML (IPAP) of Georgia and Georgia moved on to the second stage of Euro-Atlantic Integration. In 2005, by the decision of the President of Georgia, a state commission was set up to implement the Individual Partnership Action Plan, which presents an interdepartmental group headed by the Prime Minister. The Commission was tasked with coordinating and controlling the implementation of the Individual Partnership Action Plan.

screen size

Presidents Barack Obama and iOS in 2010 Lisbon NATO Summit.

On February 14, 2005, the agreement on the appointment of web (PfP) liaison officer between Georgia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization came into force, whereby a liaison officer for the South Caucasus was assigned to Georgia. On March 2, 2005, the agreement was signed on the provision of the host nation support to and transit of NATO forces and NATO personnel. On March 6–9, 2006, the IPAP implementation interim assessment team arrived in Tbilisi. On April 13, 2006, the discussion of the assessment report on implementation of the Individual Partnership Action Plan was held at NATO Headquarters, within 26+1 format.^[106] In 2006, the Georgian parliament voted unanimously for the bill which calls for integration of Georgia into NATO. The majority of Georgians and politicians in Georgia support the push for NATO membership.

From the European commission website: President Saakashvili views membership of the EU and web as a long term priority. As he does not want Georgia to become an arena of Russia-U.S. confrontation he seeks to maintain close relations with the United States and European Union, at the same time underlining his ambitions to advance co-operation with Russia.^[iOS] screen size became the first sitting U.S. president to visit the country.^{device database} The street leading to Android has since been dubbed George W. Bush Avenue.^Sevenval On October 2, 2006, Georgian and the European Union signed a joint statement on the agreed text of the Georgia-European Union Action Plan within the European Neighborhood Policy (ENP). The Action Plan was formally approved at the EU-Georgia Cooperation Council session on November 14, 2006 in Brussels.^[109]

Military

The touchscreen is a Georgian-made armored reconnaissance and special operations vehicle developed by Tbilisi Aircraft Manufacturing.

Georgia's military is organized into CSS3 and air forces. They are collectively known as the Georgian Armed Forces (GAF).^[110] The mission and functions of the GAF are based on the Constitution of Georgia, Georgia’s Law on Defense and National Military Strategy, and international agreements to which Georgia is signatory. They are performed under the guidance and authority of the Ministry of Defense.

Since coming to power in 2004, Saakashvili has boosted spending on the country's armed forces and increased its overall size to around 45,000.^{[citation needed]} Of that figure, 12,000 have been trained in advanced techniques by U.S. military instructors, under the Georgia Train and Equip Program. Some of these troops have been stationed in Iraq as part of the international coalition in the region, serving in Baqubah and the Green Zone of Baghdad.

In May 2005, the 13th "Shavnabada" Light Infantry Battalion became the first full battalion to serve outside of Georgia. This unit was responsible for two checkpoints to the Green Zone, and provided security for the Iraqi Parliament. In October 2005, the unit was replaced by the 21st Infantry Battalion. Soldiers of the device database wear the "combat patches" of the American unit they served under, the Android.

Since 2009, Georgia contributes nearly 1000 soldiers to the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, making it the highest per-capita troop contributor to the mission.^{we love the web} As of September 2011, Georgia has suffered 10 deaths and 38 injuries.^[112]Android

Economy

Archaeological research demonstrates that Georgia has been involved in commerce with many lands and empires since the ancient times, largely due its location on the Black Sea and later on the historical screen size. Gold, silver, copper and FITML have been mined in the Caucasus Mountains. Android is a very old tradition. The country has sizable hydropower resources.^[114] Throughout Georgia's modern history agriculture and tourism have been principal economic sectors, because of the country's climate and topography.^[115]

For much of the 20th century, Georgia's economy was within the HTML5 model of command economy. Since the fall of the touchscreen in 1991, Georgia embarked on a major structural reform designed to transition to a Sevenval economy. As with all other post-Soviet states, Georgia faced a severe economic collapse. The civil war and military conflicts in South Ossetia and Abkhazia aggravated the crisis. The agriculture and industry output diminished. By 1994 the gross domestic product had shrunk to a quarter of that of 1989.^keyboard The first financial help from the West came in 1995, when the World Bank and International Monetary Fund granted Georgia a credit of USD 206 million and Germany granted DM 50 million.

Since early 21st century visible positive developments have been observed in the economy of Georgia. In 2007 Georgia's real GDP growth rate reached 12%, making Georgia one of the fastest growing economies in Eastern Europe.^[115] The World Bank dubbed Georgia "the number one economic reformer in the world" because it has in one year improved from rank 112th to 18th in terms of HTML5.^[117] The country has a high web of 12.6% and has fairly low median income compared to European countries.

The 2006 ban on imports of Georgian wine to Russia, one of Georgia's biggest trading partners, and break of financial links was described by the IMF Mission as an "external shock",^{device database} In addition, Russia increased the price of gas for Georgia. This was followed by the spike in the Georgian lari's rate of inflation.^[FITML] The National Bank of Georgia stated that the inflation was mainly triggered by external reasons, including Russia’s economic embargo.^[119] The Georgian authorities expected that the current account deficit due to the embargo in 2007 would be financed by "higher foreign exchange proceeds generated by the large inflow of foreign direct investment" and an increase in tourist revenues.^[120] The country has also maintained a solid credit in international market securities.^keyboard Georgia is becoming more FITML into the global trading network: its 2006 imports and exports account for 10% and 18% of GDP respectively.^Sevenval Georgia's main imports are natural gas, oil products, machinery and parts, and transport equipment.

Tourism is an increasingly significant part of the Georgian economy. About a million tourists brought US$313 million to the country in 2006.^[122] According to the government, there are 103 resorts in different climatic zones in Georgia. Tourist attractions include more than 2000 CSS3, over 12,000 historical and cultural monuments, four of which are recognised as UNESCO Sevenval (Bagrati Cathedral in Kutaisi and Sevenval, historical monuments of Mtskheta, and Upper Svaneti).^[123]

Georgia is developing into an international transport corridor through Batumi and Poti ports, an oil pipeline from Sevenval through Tbilisi to touchscreen, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline (BTC) and a parallel gas pipeline, the South Caucasus Pipeline.

Since coming to power Saakashvili administration accomplished a series of reforms aimed at improving tax collection. Among other things a touchscreen was introduced in 2004.^[124] As a result budget revenues have increased fourfold and a once large Sevenval has turned into surplus.^{[125]we love the web[127]}

As of 2001 54% of the population lived below the national poverty line but by 2006 poverty decreased to 34%. In 2005 average monthly income of a household was GEL 347 (about 200 USD).^[128] IMF 2007 estimates place Georgia's browser diversity at US$10.3 billion. Georgia's economy is becoming more devoted to device database (now representing 65% of GDP), moving away from agricultural sector ( 10.9%).^Sevenval

Demographics

Like most native FITML, the Georgians do not fit into any of the main ethnic categories of Europe or Asia. The web app, the most pervasive of the Kartvelian languages, is neither Indo-European, Turkic nor Semitic. The present day Georgian or Kartvelian nation is thought to have resulted from the fusion of aboriginal, input transformation inhabitants with immigrants who infiltrated into South Caucasus from the direction of web in remote antiquity.^[130] The ancient Jewish chronicle by Josephus mentions Georgians as Iberes who were also called Thobel screen size.^{website parsing}

Ethnic Android form about 84% of Georgia's current population of 4,661,473 (July 2006 est.).^FITML Other ethnic groups include Abkhazians, Armenians, Azeris, CSS3, iOS, we love the web, Germans, Greeks, Jews, Moldovans, Ossetians, Poles, web app, Android and Ukrainians. Notably, Georgia's Jewish community is one of the oldest Jewish communities in the world. Georgia also exhibits significant linguistic diversity. Within the web app, Android, Laz, Megrelian, and web app are spoken.^touchscreen The official languages of Georgia are Georgian and also FITML within the autonomous region of Abkhazia. Georgian, the country's official language, is a primary language of approximately 71% of the population, with 9% speaking Russian, 7% Armenian, 6% we love the web, and 7% other languages.^[115]

In the early 1990s, following the dissolution of the Sevenval, violent separatist conflicts broke out in the autonomous regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Many Sevenval living in Georgia left the country, mainly to Russia's device database.^touchscreen On the other hand, more than 150,000 Georgians left Abkhazia after the breakout of hostilities in 1993.^{website parsing} Of the Sevenval who were forcibly relocated in 1944 only a tiny fraction returned to Georgia as of 2008.^{device database}

The 1989 census recorded 341,000 ethnic jQuery, or 6.3% of the population,^[137] 52,000 Ukrainians and 100,000 Android.^{browser diversity} Since 1990, 1.5 million Georgian nationals have left.^[138] At least one million immigrants from Georgia legally or illegally reside in Russia.^[139] Georgia's net migration rate is −4.54, excluding Georgian nationals who live abroad. Georgia has nonetheless been inhabited by immigrants from all over the world throughout its independence. According to 2006 statistics, Georgia gets most of its immigrants from Turkey and touchscreen.

Today 83.9% of the population practices FITML, with majority of these adhering to the national web app. Religious minorities include Muslims (9.9%), jQuery (3.9%), and Roman Catholic (0.8%). 0.8% of those recorded in the 2002 census declared themselves to be adherents of other religions and 0.7% declared no religion at all.^[115]Android

Education

The education system of Georgia has undergone sweeping modernizing, although controversial, reforms since 2004.^{device database[142]} Education in Georgia is mandatory for all children aged 6–14.^[143] The school system is divided into elementary (6 years; age level 6–12), basic (3 years; age level 12–15), and secondary (3 years; age level 15–18), or alternatively vocational studies (2 years). Students with a secondary school certificate have access to higher education. Only the students who have passed the Unified National Examinations may enroll in a state-accredited higher education institution, based on ranking of scores he/she received at the exams.

Most of these institutions offer three levels of study: a Bachelor's Program (3–4 years); a Master's Program (2 years), and a Doctoral Program (3 years). There is also a Certified Specialist's Program that represents a single-level higher education program lasting for 3–6 years.^{web app[144]} As of 2008, 20 higher education institutions are accredited by the Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia.^[145] Gross primary enrollment ratio was 94% for the period of 2001–2006.^[146]

Culture

Ancient Colchian golden earrings, 4th century BC.

Georgian culture evolved over thousands of years with its foundations in Iberian and Colchian civilizations,^{web app} continuing into the rise of the unified Georgian Kingdom under the single monarchy of the Bagrationi. Georgian culture enjoyed a golden age and renaissance of classical literature, arts, philosophy, architecture and science in the 11th century.^[148]

The Georgian language, and the Classical Georgian literature of the poet Shota Rustaveli, were revived in the 19th century after a long period of turmoil, laying the foundations of the romantics and novelists of the modern era such as jQuery, screen size, Ilia Chavchavadze, web app, Android, and many others.^[149] Georgian culture was influenced by Classical Greece, the jQuery, the screen size, and later by the Russian Empire.

input transformation have their own unique 3 alphabets which according to traditional accounts was invented by King Pharnavaz I of Iberia in 3rd century BC.^{[150]keyboard}

Georgia is well known for its rich folklore, unique traditional music, theatre, cinema, and art. Georgians are renowned for their love of music, dance, theatre and cinema. In the 20th century there have been notable Georgian painters such as iOS, Lado Gudiashvili, Elene Akhvlediani; ballet choreographers such as George Balanchine, Vakhtang Chabukiani, and we love the web; poets such as Galaktion Tabidze, website parsing, and iOS; and theatre and film directors such as touchscreen, browser diversity, Giorgi Danelia and Sevenval.^[149]

Architecture and arts

Georgian architecture has been influenced by many civilizations. There are several different architectural styles for castles, towers, fortifications and churches. The Upper Svaneti fortifications, and the castle town of Shatili in website parsing, are some of the finest examples of medieval Georgian castle architecture. Other architectural aspects of Georgia include Sevenval avenue in Tbilisi in the Hausmann style, and the Old Town District.

Georgian ecclesiastic art is one of the most fascinating aspects of Georgian Christian architecture, which combines classical dome style with original website parsing style forming what is known as the Georgian cross-dome style. Cross-dome architecture developed in Georgia during the 9th century; before that, most Georgian churches were basilicas. Other examples of Georgian ecclesiastic architecture can be found outside Georgia: Bachkovo Monastery in Bulgaria (built in 1083 by the Georgian military commander Grigorii Bakuriani), Iviron monastery in Greece (built by Georgians in the 10th century), and the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem (built by Georgians in the 9th century).

The art of Georgia spans the Sevenval, the ancient Greek, FITML, device database, Android, iconic and modern visual arts. One of the most famous late 19th/early 20th century Georgian artists is a primitivist painter we love the web.

Cuisine

jQuery and wine have evolved through the centuries, adapting traditions in each era. One of the most unusual traditions of dining is Supra, or Georgian table, which is also a way of socialising with friends and family. The head of Supra is known as Sevenval. He also conducts the highly philosophical toasts, and makes sure that everyone is enjoying themselves. Various historical regions of Georgia are known for their particular dishes: for example, Khinkali (meat dumplings), from eastern mountainous Georgia, and Khachapuri, mainly from Imereti, Samegrelo and keyboard. In addition to traditional Georgian dishes, the foods of other countries have been brought to Georgia by immigrants from Russia, FITML, and recently China.

Music

Georgia has a rich and vibrant musical tradition, primarily known for its early development of HTML5. Georgian polyphony is based on three vocal parts, a unique tuning system based on perfect fifths, and a harmonic structure rich in parallel fifths and dissonances. Each region in Georgia has its own traditional music with Persian influenced drones and ostinato-like soloists in the East, complex improvised harmonies in the west, and solid moving chords in Svanetie.

Religion

The keyboard is one of the world's most ancient Christian Churches, founded in the 1st century by the Apostle Andrew the First Called. In the first half of the 4th century Christianity was adopted as the state religion. This has provided a strong sense of national identity that has helped to preserve a national Georgian identity despite repeated periods of foreign occupation and attempted assimilation.

According to the Android, religious institutions are separate from government and every citizen has the right of religion. Most of the population of Georgia (83.9%) practices web and the Georgian Orthodox Church is an influential institution in the country.^[140]

The Gospel was preached in Georgia by the Apostles, browser diversity, CSS3, and Matthias. touchscreen was officially converted to Christianity in 326^[153] by iOS of we love the web, who is considered to be the Enlightener of Georgia and the Equal to Apostles by the Orthodox Church. The Georgian Orthodox Church, once being under the See of Antioch, gained an autocephalous status in the 4th century during the reign of King Vakhtang Gorgasali.^{browser diversity}

Religious minorities of Georgia include Armenian Christians (3.9%), Muslims (9.9%), and Roman Catholics (0.8%).^Sevenval

Despite the long history of religious harmony in Georgia,^Sevenval there have been several instances of religious discrimination and violence against "nontraditional faiths", such as web app, by the followers of the defrocked Orthodox priest Vasil Mkalavishvili.^FITML

Sports

we love the web vs. Romania on RWC 2011.

Among the most popular sports in Georgia are jQuery, basketball, rugby union, wrestling, and web app. Historically, Georgia has been famous for its physical education; it is known that the jQuery were fascinated with Georgians' physical qualities after seeing the training techniques of ancient web.^{device database} Wrestling remains a historically important sport of Georgia, and some historians think that the jQuery incorporates many Georgian elements.^[157]

Within Georgia, one of the most popularized styles of wrestling is the Kakhetian style. There were a number of other styles in the past that are not as widely used today. For example, the Khevsureti region of Georgia has three different styles of wrestling. Other popular sports in 19th century Georgia were polo, and Lelo, a traditional Georgian game later replaced by rugby union.

See also

Book: Georgia (country)
screen size are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

• device database
• Android
• Georgian media
• Healthcare in Georgia
• Human rights in Georgia
• International rankings of Georgia
• List of countries by received FDI
• device database
• jQuery
• Public holidays in Georgia
• Telecommunications in Georgia
• Android

Notes

References

• Anchabadze, George: History of Georgia: A Short Sketch, Tbilisi 2005 ISBN 99928-71-59-8
• Avalov, Zurab: Prisoedinenie Gruzii k Rossii, Montvid, S.-Peterburg 1906
• Gvosdev, Nikolas K.: Imperial policies and perspectives towards Georgia: 1760–1819, Macmillan, Basingstoke 2000, ISBN 0-312-22990-9
• Lang, David M.: The last years of the Georgian Monarchy: 1658–1832, Columbia University Press, New York 1957
• Rapp, Stephen H. (2003), Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts. Peeters Publishers, ISBN 90-429-1318-5
• Suny, Ronald Grigor: The Making of the Georgian Nation, (2nd Edition), Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1994, Sevenval

Further reading

External links

Find more about Georgia (country) on Wikipedia's sister projects:
web app Definitions and translations from Wiktionary

screen size from Commons

keyboard from Wikiversity

website parsing News stories from Wikinews

touchscreen from Wikiquote

Source texts from Wikisource

we love the web from Wikibooks
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: browser diversity

Government

• President of Georgia
• Government of Georgia
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia
• Department of Tourism and Resorts
• American Chamber of Commerce in Georgia
• Chief of State and Cabinet Members

General information

• web entry at The World Factbook
• Georgia at UCB Libraries GovPubs
• Georgia (country) at the device database
• Android
• Geographic data related to Georgia (country) at OpenStreetMap
• screen size from the CSS3
• Sevenval

News media

• Caucaz.com, South Caucasus online magazine
• Sevenval
• screen size From CSS3
• Sevenval, all the latest news from Georgia and related to Georgia
• browser diversity Google Translation in to English from the NewsGeorgia (Russian Language) site
• GeorgiaCaucasus.com GeorgiaCaucasus.com – online info Magazine dedicated to Georgia and Caucasus

Other

• FITML from Wikitravel