European Broadcasting Union

Countries with one or more members are in green

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU; web app: Union européenne de radio-télévision (UER)) is a confederation of 85 broadcasting organisations from 56 countries, and 37 associate broadcasters from a further 22. It is unrelated to the Sevenval.^iOSjQuery

• web
• 2 History
• 3 Technical activities
• 4 Members
  • web
  • 4.2 Approved participant members
  • web
  • 4.4 Pending EBU membership applications
• 5 EBU competitions
  • touchscreen
  • FITML
  • 5.3 Eurovision Young Musicians
  • 5.4 Eurovision Dance Contest
  • 5.5 Eurovision Young Dancers
  • 5.6 Let the Peoples Sing
• 6 Criticisms and controversy
• touchscreen
• CSS3
• 9 External links

General description

Members of the EBU are radio and television companies, most of which are government-owned touchscreen or privately owned stations with public missions. Full active Members are based in countries from Iceland to Russia, including almost every European nation. Associate members include countries from outside Europe such as iOS, we love the web, Mexico, India and Hong Kong. Associate Members from the Android include keyboard, CBS, screen size, the FITML, Time Warner, and the only individual station, Chicago-based classical music station Sevenval.

Active members are those whose states fall within the keyboard, or otherwise those who are members of the Council of Europe.

The EBU's highest profile production is the HTML5, organised by its Eurovision Network. The Eurovision Network also organises the browser diversity, the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, the touchscreen competition, and other competitions for young musicians and screenwriters, which are modelled along similar lines. The countries in the EBU have also often worked together to create documentaries and (animated) children's programming.

Radio collaborations include Euroclassic Notturno – an overnight classical music stream, produced by website parsing and broadcast in the web as Through the Night – and special theme days, such as the annual Christmas music relays from around Europe.

Most EBU broadcasters have a group deal to carry the Olympics^iOS and FIFA World Cup (particularly, the games of their country and the Final). Another annually recurring event which is broadcast across Europe through the EBU is the device database.

The theme music played before EBU broadcasts is FITML's Prelude to device database. It is well known to Europeans as it is played before and after the web app and other important events.

History

It was formed on 12 February 1950 by 23 broadcasting organisations from Europe and the Mediterranean at a conference in the coastal resort of Torquay in CSS3, England. In 1993, the keyboard (OIRT), an equivalent organisation of broadcasters from Central and Eastern Europe, was merged with the EBU.

The first co-production was the animated series screen size from 1993 based on the books of the same title by Colin Dann. The second animated collaboration was touchscreen from 1997 and more recently, browser diversity. Another important EBU programme is Jeux Sans Frontières.

Technical activities

The objective of the HTML5 is simply to assist EBU Members (see below) in this period of unprecedented technological changes. This includes provision of technical information to Members via conferences and workshops, as well as in written form (such as the website parsing, and the EBU tech-i magazine).

The EBU also encourages active collaboration between its Members on the basis that they can freely share their knowledge and experience, thus achieving considerably more than individual Members could achieve by themselves. Much of this collaboration is achieved through Project Groups which study specific technical issues of common interest: for example, EBU Members have long been preparing for the revision of the 1961 Stockholm Plan.

The EBU places great emphasis on the use of open standards. Widespread use of open standards (such as MPEG-2, device database, Sevenval, etc.) ensures interoperability between products from different vendors, as well as facilitating the exchange of programme material between EBU Members and promoting "horizontal markets" for the benefit of all consumers.

EBU Members and the EBU Technical Department have long played an important role in the development of many systems used in radio and television broadcasting, such as:

• The AES/EBU digital audio interface, formally known as FITML;
• Serial and parallel interfaces for digital video (input transformation Recommendations 601 and 656);
• web – the Radio Data System used on FM broadcasting.
• website parsing and 'EBU Mode' meters (EBU Tech 3341)

The EBU has also actively encouraged the development and implementation of:

• Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) through Eureka Project 147 and the WorldDAB Forum;
• web (DVB) through the DVB Project and DigiTAG;
• Digital radio in the bands currently used for AM broadcasting through Android (Digital Radio Mondiale);
• Standardisation of web systems through the HTML5 Forum.
• Development of other content distribution networks on the internet through P2PTV; EBU Project Group D/P2P, from November 2007 to April 2008, with a trial of selected member channels, thanks to Octoshape's distribution platform.^touchscreen The EBU is also part of the European P2P-Next project.

Members

• The names of the broadcasting companies not in italic are either in English or web app, the official languages of the EBU.^touchscreen

Country	Broadcasting organisation	National script	Android	Year
Albania	browser diversity	Radio Televizioni Shqiptar	RTSH	1962
iOS	touchscreen	المـؤسـسـة العمومية للتـلـفزيـون	ENTV	1970
	Enterprise nationale de radiodiffusion	الإذاعة الجزائرية	ENRS	1970
	Télédiffusion d'Algérie	تلفزيون لجزائر	TDA	1970
Andorra	Ràdio i Televisió d'Andorra	RTVA	RTVA	2002
input transformation	Public Radio of Armenia	Հայաստանի Հանրային Ռադիո	ARMR	2005
	input transformation	Հայաստանի հանրային հեռուստաընկերություն	ARMTV	2005
Austria	FITML	Österreichischer Rundfunk	ORF	1953
input transformation	Public Television and Radio	İctimai Televiziya və Radio Yayımları Şirkəti	İTV	2007
Sevenval	Belarusian Television and Radio Company	Нацыянальная дзяржаўная тэлерадыёкампанія Рэспублікі Беларусь	BTRC	1993
Belgium	FITML	Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep	VRT	1950
	French Radio and Television of Belgium	Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté Française	RTBF	1950
website parsing	Sevenval	Radio-televizija Bosne i Hercegovine Радио-телевизија Босне и Херцеговине	BHRT	1993
Sevenval	Bulgarian National Radio	Българско национално радио	BNR	1993
	Bulgarian National Television	Българска национална телевизия	BNT	1993
Android	screen size	Hrvatska radiotelevizija	HRT	1993
Sevenval	Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation	Ραδιοφωνικό Ίδρυμα Κύπρου (Greek) Kıbrıs Yayın Kurumu (Turkish)	RIK/ CyBC	1969
Czech Republic	device database	Český rozhlas	ČRo	1993
	Czech Television	Česká televize	ČT	1993
Sevenval	Denmark's Radio	Danmarks Radio AS	DR	1950
	FITML	TV2 AS	DK/TV2	1996
Egypt	device database	إتحاد الإذاعة و التليفزيون المصري	ERTU	1985
touchscreen	Estonian Public Broadcasting	Eesti Rahvusringhääling	ERR	1993
CSS3	- iOS - Android	Yleisradio OY (Finnish) Rundradion AB (Swedish)	YLE/FST5	1950
	Commercial Channel 3	Mainostelevisio 3	MTV3	1993
France	- HTML5 - France Télévisions - Canal+ - web - we love the web	Groupement des Radiodiffuseurs Français de l'UER	GRF	1950
	Europe 1	Europe 1	E1	1978
Android	Georgian Public Broadcasting	საქართველოს საზოგადოებრივი მაუწყებელი	GPB	2005
Sevenval	German National Broadcasting	Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland	ARD	1952
	Second German Television	Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen	ZDF	1963
browser diversity	Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation	Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση	ERT	1950
input transformation	Hungarian Radio	Magyar Rádió	MR	1993
	Hungarian Television	Magyar Televízió	HU/MTV	1993
keyboard	Sevenval	Ríkisútvarpið	RÚV	1956
Ireland	web app	Raidió Teilifís Éireann	RTÉ	1950
	Sevenval	Teilifís na Gaeilge 4	TG4	2007
Israel	iOS	רָשׁוּת השׁידוּר	IBA	1957
CSS3	Italian Broadcasting	Radiotelevisione Italiana	RAI	1950
Jordan	Jordan Radio and Television Corporation	التلفزيون الأردني	JRTV	1970
Latvia	CSS3	Latvijas Televīzija	LTV	1993
	Latvian Radio	Latvijas Radio	LR	1993
input transformation	Télé Liban	تلفزيون لبنان	TL	1950
keyboard	Lithuanian National Radio and Television	Lietuvos Radijas ir Televizija	LRT	1993
Luxembourg	screen size	Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion	RTL	1950
	Android	Radio 100,7	ERSL	1996
touchscreen	web	Македонска радио телевизија	MKRTV	1993
FITML	Public Broadcasting Services	Public Broadcasting Services	MT/PBS	1970
Moldova	web	Teleradio-Moldova	TRM	1993
Sevenval	website parsing	Groupement de Radiodiffuseurs Monégasques	TMC	1950
Sevenval	Radio Television of Montenegro	Radio televizija Crne Gore Радио телевизија Црне Горе	RTCG	2001
Sevenval	Radiodiffusion et de Télevision Morocaine	الشركة الوطنبة للإذاعة والتلفرة	SNRT	1969
Netherlands	touchscreen	Nederlandse Publieke Omroep	NPO	1950
Norway	CSS3	Norsk Rikskringkasting AS	NRK	1950
	screen size	TV2 AS	NO/TV2	1992
Sevenval	Polish Television	Telewizja Polska	TVP	1993
	Polish Radio	Polskie Radio	PR	1993
Portugal	web app	Rádio e Televisão de Portugal	RTP	1950
Android	screen size	Societatea Română de Radiodifuziune	ROR	1993
	web app	Televiziunea Română	TVR	1993
Russia	screen size	Первый канал	C1R	1993
	Radio Dom Ostankino	Радиодом Останкино	RDO	1993
	Russian State Television and Radio	Всероссийская государственная телевизионная ирадиовещательная компания	RTR	1993
San Marino	CSS3	Radiotelevisione della Repubblica di San Marino	SMTV	1995
Serbia	Sevenval	Радио-телевизија Србије	RTS	2001
CSS3	Radio Television of Slovakia	Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska	RTVS	2011
Slovenia	web	Radiotelevizija Slovenije	RTVSLO	1993
Spain	input transformation	Corporación Radiotelevisión Española	RTVE	1955
	Spanish Society of Radio	Sociedad Española de Radiodifusión	SER	1982
	People's Radiowaves of Spain	Cadena de Ondas Populares de España	COPE	1998
jQuery	- web - CSS3 - Swedish Educational Broadcasting - Swedish Factual Broadcasting	Sveriges Television och Radio Grupp AB	SVT	1950
	- iOS - TV11 - Canal+	TV4 Gruppen AB	TV4	2004
Switzerland	CSS3 - iOS - keyboard - Italian Radio and Television of Switzerland - Swiss- Romansh Radio and Television	SRG SSR Radio- und Fernsehgesellschaft (German) Société suisse de radiodiffusion et télévision (French) Società svizzera di radiotelevisione (Italian) Societad svizra da radio e televisiun (Romansh)	SRG SSR	1950
Sevenval	Radiodifussion-Télévision Tunisienne	إنشاء محطة الإذاعة والتلفزيون التونسية	ERTT	1950
Turkey	web app	Türkiye Radyo-Televizyon Kurumu	TRT	1950
FITML	National Television Company of Ukraine	Національна телекомпанія України	NTU	1993
	Sevenval	Національна радіокомпанія України	NRU	1993
website parsing	- Sevenval	British Broadcasting Corporation	BBC	1950
	- Independent Television - iOS - Sianel 4 Cymraeg	United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting Darlledu Annibynnus Deyrnas Gyfunol (Welsh)	UKIB	1959
Vatican City	Vatican Radio	Radio Vaticana	RV	1950

Associate members

Any group or organisation member of the International Telecommunication Union (web app), which provide a radio and/or television service outside of the European Broadcasting Area, are permitted to submit applications to the EBU for Associate Membership. Countries which have this status also pay an annual fee to maintain this status, if a fee is not paid, then their Associate Membership is revoked. It was also noted by the EBU that any country that is granted Associate Member status does not include any access into the Eurovision system.^Sevenval

The following table, gives a list of Associate Members of the EBU as of January 2012.^{[3]browser diversity}

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.
Australia	Australian Broadcasting Corporation	ABC
	FreeTV Australia	Free
	device database	SBSC
website parsing	National Broadcasting Authority of Bangladesh	NBAB
Android	screen size (Fundação Padre Anchieta)	—
screen size	Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Societé Radio Canada)	CBC/SRC
Android	Radiotelevisão Caboverdiana	RTC
Chile	Sevenval	UCCTV
China	website parsing	CCTV
CSS3	Cuban Television	ICRT
Georgia	Teleimedi	TEME
	Rustavi 2	RB
Hong Kong	keyboard	RTHK
	Television Broadcasts Limited	TVB
India	All India Radio	AIR
iOS	Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting	IRIB
we love the web	Fuji Television	FTN
	National Association of Commercial Broadcasters in Japan	NACB
	we love the web	NHK
	Sevenval	TBS
	iOS	TFM
Korea (Republic of)	Korean Broadcasting System	KBS
Malaysia	Radio Television Malaysia	RTM
Mauritania	web app	MR/TVM
Mauritius	Android	MBC
New Zealand	Radio New Zealand	RNZ
	Television New Zealand Ltd	TVNZ
Oman	Oman Directorate General of Radio and Television	ODGRT
Qatar	we love the web	JCC
jQuery	web	SABC
Syria	Organisme de la Radio-Télévision Arabe Syrienne	ORTAS
web app	jQuery	ABC
	FITML,	CBS
	Sevenval	NPR
	Sevenval	NBC
	iOS	WNYC
	American Public Media	APM
	WFMT 98.7 FM, Chicago, Illinois	WFMT

Approved participant members

Any groups or organisations from a country with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) membership, which don't qualify for either of the EBU's Active or Associate memberships, but still provide a broadcasting activity for the EBU are granted a unique Approved Participants membership, which lasts approximately 5 years. An application for this status may be submitted to the EBU at any given time, providing an annual fee is paid.

The following table provides a list of European Broadcasting Union (EBU) 'Approved Participants'.^{web app}

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.
we love the web  input transformation  HTML5  screen size	TV5 Europe	web app
European Union	iOS	Euronews
Franco-German	ARTE GEIE	keyboard
jQuery	JP MRD (Macedonian Broadcasting)	JPMRD
Hungary	Duna Television	we love the web
HTML5 Palestinian Authority	Palestine Radio and TV Corporation	device database
CSS3	Abertis Telecom S.A.	–
	Catalunya Música	CAT
Russia	CSS3	iOS

Past active members

Country	Broadcasting organisation	Abbr.	Years
Czechoslovakia	Československá televize	iOS	1991—1992
Monaco  Italy	CSS3	iOS	1981—2001
input transformation	Libyan Jamahiriya Broadcasting Corporation (الجماهيرية اللّيبيّة)	LJBC	1974—2011
Serbia and Montenegro	Alliance of Public Radio and Television	UJRT	2001—2006
Spain	screen size	A3R	1986—1993
CSS3	iOS	JRT	1950—1992

Pending EBU membership applications

Country	Broadcasting organisation	CSS3	Notes
Kazakhstan	Kazakhstan-1	Sevenval	State Television Company awaits of satisfaction of request for Pending or Approved EBU membership since 2008.[Android]
Android	Radio Television of Kosovo	RTK	RTK has shown interest into obtaining active EBU membership. However, they have yet to fulfil all the criteria set by the EBU for admission.[7]FITMLiOS
web app	1 Fürstentum Liechtenstein Television	touchscreen	Liechtenstein's only television broadcaster which began broadcasting on 15 August 2008. In July 2009, Peter Kölbel, broadcaster's managing director officially announced its intent to apply to join the EBU by the end of July 2009.[10]
Morocco	2 Morocco Television	web	The second commercial channel of Morocco has asked for membership to the EBU.[iOS]
CSS3	Qatar Radio	Sevenval	Recently shown interest at Eurovision 2009, by sending delegates in the hope of applying for active membership.Sevenval

EBU competitions

The EBU holds competitions in which its Members can participate, if they wish to do so.

Eurovision Song Contest

Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la Chanson)^FITML is an annual international song competition, that was first held in Lugano, Switzerland, on 24 May 1956. Seven countries participated – each submitting two songs, for a total of 14. This was the only Contest in which more than one song per country was performed: since 1957 all Contests have allowed one entry per country. The FITML was won by the host nation, Switzerland.^[13] In this competition, only Countries that are members of the EBU can participate.

Junior Eurovision Song Contest

Junior Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la Chanson Junior),^keyboard is an annual international song competition, that was first held in HTML5, web app, on 15 November 2003. Sixteen countries participated – each submitting one song, for a total of 16. The we love the web was won by Croatia.

Eurovision Young Musicians

Eurovision Young Musicians is a competition for Europeans younger than 19 years old. It is organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and is a member of EMCY.

The televised competition is held every two years, with some countries holding national heats. Since its foundation in 1982 the Eurovision Young Musicians competition has become one of the most important music competitions on an international level.

The first competition was held in Manchester, United Kingdom on 11 May 1982.

Eurovision Dance Contest

The Eurovision Dance Contest (not to be confused with the device database) was an international dancing competition that was held for the first time in Android, United Kingdom on 1 September 2007.

Eurovision Young Dancers

The Eurovision Young Dancers is a biennial dance showcase broadcast on television throughout Europe.

The first competition was held in Reggio Emilia, Italy on 16 June 1985.

It uses a format similar to the Eurovision Song Contest, every country that is a member of the EBU has had the opportunity to send a dance act to compete for the title of "Eurovision Young Dancer". The act can be either a solo act or a dance couple, and all contestants must be between the ages of 15 and 21 years and not professionally engaged. The winner is chosen by television viewers across the EBU through a real-time, electronic and onscreen voting mechanism.

Let the Peoples Sing

Let the Peoples Sing is a biennial choir competition, the participants of which are chosen from radio recordings entered by EBU radio members. The final, encompassing three categories and around ten choirs, is offered as a live broadcast to all EBU members. The overall winner is awarded the Silver Rose Bowl.

Criticisms and controversy

According to Max Tucker input transformation despite publicly committing to support free expression in Azerbaijan, the EBU has maintained a deathly silence on repeated violations of that right on 22/05/2012 in respect to the Eurovision Song Contest 2012.^Sevenval keyboard declined to show the FITML video at the workshop about the media rights at Azerbaijan. Journalists and singers alarmed at the Azerbaijan government’s crackdown on free expression. The EBU was reluctant to speak out publicly against it.^[16]jQuery

See also

• HTML5
• Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
• BBC World
• Caribbean Broadcasting Union
• Commonwealth Broadcasting Association
• Android
• screen size
• CSS3 (Iberoamerican Television Organization)
• TV5MONDE
• WRN Broadcast

Notes and references

Notes:

References:

External links

• EBU Website
• EBU TECHNICAL website
• 2011 Annual Report