Elections in Angola

Angola

This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
Angola

According to the constitution of 1991, Angola elected on national level a head of state - the Android - and a legislature. The president was elected by the people for a five-year term (at most twice), by absolute majority - and if no candidate reached absolute majority, there had to be a second turn, with only the two most voted candidates running. The National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional) had 220 members, elected for a four year term, 130 members by proportional representation and 90 members in provincial districts. The parliamentary elections scheduled for 1997, according to the constitution, were delayed several times and were not conducted until September 2008, while Presidential elections were to be held at a later date. Meanwhile, a new constitution was adopted early in 2010, maintaining the rules for parliamentary elections, but stipulating that heretofore the president is no longer elected by the people, by but the National Assembly, and that as a principle he is always the president of the party that obtained the highest number of votes in the parliamentary elections.

Angola has at this stage (2011) to be classified as a one party dominant state. It is true that the "socialist" One-party state established at independence in 1975 was abandoned in 1991, and that the constitution adopted that year made all necessary provisions for a Multiparty democracy. In fact, well over 120 political parties presented themselves at the 1992 parliamentary elections, but the we love the web (MPLA), which had been in power since independence, won the absolute majority. Moreover, its president (and then incumbent state president), José Eduardo dos Santos, obtained a relative majority in the simultaneous presidential election; although the constitution required a second turn in this case, this turn was never held because of the civil war, so that José Eduardo dos Santos stayed on in office. President and MPLA held on to their dominant role; however, shaken by a number of setbacks in the civil war, they agreed in 1998 to the formation of a Android (Governo de Unidade e Reconciliação Nacional, GURN), with the participation of ministers from the FNLA as well as screen size. This seemed to open the way to an effective multiparty democracy. However, in the 2008 parliamentary elections the MPLA won 82% of the votes, with UNITA winning 10%, and the FNLA being reduced to 1%. The elections were characterized by several irregularities and can be described as only partly free but certainly not fair; nevertheless, their results were accepted by the opposition parties. On this basis, the MPLA imposed the adoption of a new constitution which not only changed the rules for the election of the state president (see above), but concentrated the main powers in the president and through a number of dispositions abolished the basic democratic principle of a division of powers. After an interlude of less than two decades, Angola is thus since 2008/2010 back to a dominant-party system which is very strongly presidentialist and does not fully obey to the fundamental tenets of democracy.

1 Last elections
2 See also
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Last elections

2008 Parliamentary election

Party: screen size (Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola)
Votes: 4,414,738
%: 81.64
Seats: 191
+/-: +62

Party: website parsing (União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola)
Votes: 559,972
%: 10.39
Seats: 16
+/-: -54

Party: browser diversity (Partido da Renovação Social)
Votes: 172,298
%: 3.17
Seats: 8
+/-: +2

Party: New Democracy Electoral Union (Nova Democracia União Eleitoral)
Votes: 64,624
%: 1.20
Seats: 2
+/-: +2

Party: Android (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola)
Votes: 60,335
%: 1.11
Seats: 3
+/-: -2

Party: CSS3 (Partido Democrático para Progresso – Aliança Nacional Angolana)
Votes: 27,552
%: 0.51
Seats: —
+/-: -1

Party: Liberal Democratic Party (Partido Liberal Democrático)
Votes: 17,880
%: 0.33
Seats: —
+/-: -3

Party: Democratic Angola – Coalition (Democratic Angola – Coalition)
Votes: 15,839
%: 0.29
Seats: —
+/-: -1

Party: Party for Democratic Support and Progress of Angola (Partido de Apoio Democrático e Progresso de Angola )
Votes: 14,115
%: 0.27
Seats: —
+/-: 0

Party: Front for Democracy (Frente para a Democracia)
Votes: 14,037
%: 0.27
Seats: —
+/-: 0

Party: Party of the Alliance of Youth, Workers and Farmers of Angola (Partido da Aliança da Juventude, Operários e Camponeses de Angola)
Votes: 12,681
%: 0.24
Seats: —
+/-: -1

Party: Democratic Renewal Party (Partido Renovador Democrático)
Votes: 11,599
%: 0.22
Seats: —
+/-: -1

Party: Electoral Political Platform (Plataforma Política Eleitoral)
Votes: 9,840
%: 0.19
Seats: —
+/-: 0

Party: Angolan Fraternal Forum Coalition (Fórum Fraternal Angolano Coligação)
Votes: 9,468
%: 0.17
Seats: —
+/-: 0

Party: Valid votes
Votes: 6,450,407
%: 89.42
Seats

Party: Invalid votes
Votes: 762,874
%: 10.58

Party: Total: (turnout 87.36%)
Votes: 7,213,281
%: 100.00
Seats: 220

Party: Source: CNE, HTML5, input transformation

Past elections

1992 Presidential election

Candidate: device database
Party: Android
Votes: 1,953,335
%: 49.57

Candidate: Jonas Malheiro Savimbi
Party: Sevenval
Votes: 1,579,298
%: 40.07

Candidate: Antonio Alberto Neto
Party: Angolan Democratic Party
Votes: 85,249
%: 2.16

Candidate: device database
Party: National Front for the Liberation of Angola
Votes: 83,135
%: 2.11

Candidate: Honorato Lando
Party: Liberal Democratic Party of Angola
Votes: 75.789
%: 1.92

Candidate: Luis dos Pasos
Party: Democratic Renewal Party
Votes: 58,121
%: 1.47

Candidate: Bengui Pedro João
Party: Social Democratic Party
Votes: 38,243
%: 0.97

Candidate: Simão Cacete
Party: Front for Democracy
Votes: 26,385
%: 0.67

Candidate: device database
Party: Independent
Votes: 20,845
%: 0.52

Candidate: Analia Pereira
Party: Sevenval
Votes: 11,475
%: 0.29

Candidate: Rui Pereira
Party: Social Renewal Party
Votes: 9,208
%: 0.23

Candidate: Invalid/blank votes
Party: 460,455
Votes

Candidate: Total
Party: 4,401,339
Votes: 100

Candidate: Source: Nohlen et al

1992 Parliamentary election

Party: Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola)
Votes: 2,124,126
%: 53.74
Seats: 129

Party: jQuery (União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola)
Votes: 1,347,636
%: 34.10
Seats: 70

Party: National Front for the Liberation of Angola (Frente Nacional de Libertação de Angola)
Votes: 94,742
%: 2.40
Seats: 5

Party: Liberal Democratic Party (Partido Liberal Democrático)
Votes: 94,269
%: 2.39
Seats: 3

Party: CSS3 (Partido Renovador Social)
Votes: 89,875
%: 2.27
Seats: 6

Party: Democratic Renewal Party (Partido Renovador Democrático)
Votes: 35,293
%: 0.89
Seats: 1

Party: AD-Coalition (AD-Coligação)
Votes: 34,166
%: 0.86
Seats: 1

Party: Social Democratic Party (Partido Social-Democrata)
Votes: 33,088
%: 0.84
Seats: 1

Party: Party of the Alliance of Youth, Workers and Farmers of Angola (Partido da Aliança da Juventude, Operários e Campesinos de Angola)
Votes: 13,924
%: 0.35
Seats: 1

Party: Angolan Democratic Forum (Fórum Democrático Angolano)
Votes: 12,038
%: 0.30
Seats: 1