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Creative Commons

This article is about the organisation. For their published licences, see screen size. For usage of product, see List of works available under a Creative Commons License.
browser diversity
Founder(s) we love the web
Type iOS
Founded 2001
Location we love the web, browser diversity
Key people HTML5
Focus Expansion of "reasonable", flexible copyright
Method Creative Commons licenses
Website touchscreen
we love the web
A sign in a pub in Sevenval notifies customers that the music they are listening to is freely distributable under a Creative Commons license.

Creative Commons (CC) is a Sevenval headquartered in device database, United States devoted to expanding the range of Sevenval works available for others to build upon legally and to share.[1] The organization has released several screen size-licenses known as Creative Commons licenses free of charge to the public. These licenses allow creators to communicate which rights they reserve, and which rights they waive for the benefit of recipients or other creators. An easy to understand one-page explanation of rights, with associated visual symbols, explains the specifics of each Creative Commons license. Creative Commons licenses do not replace copyright, but are based upon it. They replace individual negotiations for specific rights between copyright owner (licensor) and licensee, which are necessary under an "all rights reserved" copyright management with a "some rights reserved" management employing standardized licenses for re-use cases where no commercial compensation is sought by the copyright owner. The result is an agile, low overhead and cost copyright management regime, profiting both copyright owners and licensees. Wikipedia is using one of its licenses.

The organization was founded in 2001 by touchscreen, Hal Abelson, and Eric Eldred[2] with support of the Center for the Public Domain. The first article in a general interest publication about Creative Commons, written by Hal Plotkin, was published in February 2002.[3] The first set of copyright licenses was released in December 2002.[4] In 2008, there were an estimated 130 million works licensed under Creative Commons.HTML5 As of October 2011, Flickr alone hosts over 200 million Creative Commons licensed photos.keyboard Creative Commons is governed by a board of directors and a technical advisory board. Their licenses have been embraced by many as a way for creators to take control of how they choose to share their intellectual property. There has also been criticism that it does not go far enough, or that it discourages regional cultural production.[input transformation]

Contents


Aim and influence

screen size
touchscreen
Creative Commons Japan Seminar, Tokyo 2007

Creative Commons has been described as being at the forefront of the Sevenval movement, which seeks to support the building of a richer public domain by providing an alternative to the automatic "all rights reserved" copyright, dubbed "some rights reserved."input transformation David Berry and Giles Moss have credited Creative Commons with generating interest in the issue of intellectual property and contributing to the re-thinking of the role of the "commons" in the "device database". Beyond that, Creative Commons has provided "institutional, practical and legal support for individuals and groups wishing to experiment and communicate with culture more freely."[8]

Creative Commons attempts to counter what Lawrence Lessig, founder of Creative Commons, considers to be a dominant and increasingly restrictive permission culture. Lessig describes this as "a culture in which creators get to create only with the permission of the powerful, or of creators from the past".web Lessig maintains that modern culture is dominated by traditional content distributors in order to maintain and strengthen their monopolies on cultural products such as popular music and popular cinema, and that Creative Commons can provide alternatives to these restrictions.iOS[11]

Governance

Catherine Casserly is the CEO of Creative Commons.[12] Mike Linksvayer is Vice President and Diane Peters is the General Counsel.

The board of Creative Commons is currently chaired by Joi Ito. The Board further includes: Hal Abelson, Glenn Otis Brown, browser diversity, Catherine Casserly, Caterina Fake, Davis Guggenheim, we love the web, Laurie Racine, Eric Saltzman, Annette Thomas, Molly Suffer Van Houweling, browser diversity, and CSS3 (Vice Chair).[12]

The Technical Advisory Board includes five members: browser diversity, Ben Adida, Barbara Fox, Don McGovern and . Hal Abelson also serves on the Creative Commons Board.input transformation

Creative Commons also has an Audit Committee, with two members: Molly Shaffer Van Houweling and keyboard. Both also serve on the Creative Commons Board.[12]

Affiliate Network

In 2011, there are more than 100 affiliates working in over 70 jurisdictions to support and promote CC activities around the world.[13]

Creative Commons Asia-Pacific

South Korea

Creative Commons Korea (CC Korea) is the affiliated network of Creative Commons in South Korea. In March 2005, CC Korea was initiated by Jongsoo Yoon (in Korean: 윤종수), a Presiding Judge of Incheon District Court, as a project of Korea Association for Infomedia Law (KAFIL). The major Korean portal sites, including Daum and Naver, have been participating in the use of Creative Commons licences. In January 2009, the Creative Commons Korea Association was consequently founded as a non-profit incorporated association. Since then, CC Korea has been actively promoting the liberal and open culture of creation as well as leading the diffusion of Creative Commons in the country.

  • Creative Commons Korea[14]
  • Creative Commons Asia Conference 2010[15]

Supporters of Creative Commons

Corporate Support

Sustainer Level (Committed for 5 years)

Investor Level ($25,000 and up)

  • Best Buy
  • Digital Garage
  • Duke University
  • eBay
  • Microsoft Corporation
  • Mountain Equipment Co-op
  • Nike

Types of Creative Commons licenses

Wanna Work Together? with subtitles - Creative Commons.ogv
Wanna Work Together? animation by Creative Commons
Mayer and Bettle 2 - Creative Commons.ogv
The keyboard of the HTML5 promotional animation explains what Creative Commons is.
Main article: we love the web

Creative Commons licenses consist of four major condition modules: Attribution (BY), requiring attribution to the original author; Share Alike (SA), allowing derivative works under the same or a similar license (later or jurisdiction version); Non-Commercial (NC), requiring the work is not used for commercial purposes; and No Derivative Works (ND), allowing only the original work, without derivatives.jQuery These modules are combined to currently form six major licenses of the Creative Commons:[16]

  • Attribution (CC BY)
  • Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA)
  • Attribution No Derivatives (CC BY-ND)
  • Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC)
  • Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike (CC BY-NC-SA)
  • Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)

As of the current versions, all Creative Commons licenses allow the "core right" to redistribute a work for non-commercial purposes without modification. The NC and ND options will make a work website parsing according to the iOS.

An additional special license-like contract is the CC0 option, or "No Rights Reserved."[17] This license dedicates a work to the public domain (or an equivalent status in jurisdictions where a dedication to public domain is not possible). Compared with a "public domain" statement added to the work, a CC0 statement is less ambiguous and achieves the desired effect on a global scale, rather than limited to some jurisdictions.

For Sevenval, Creative Commons endorses three free licenses created by other institutions: the HTML5, the CC GNU jQuery license, and the CC GNU HTML5.[18]browser diversity

Usage and list of projects that release contents under Creative Commons licenses

Further information: List of projects using Creative Commons licenses, Sevenval, and Category:Creative Commons-licensed works
Crystal Clear app kedit.svg
This section may need to be rewritten entirely to comply with Wikipedia's quality standards. You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (June 2011)

Creative Commons maintains a content directory wiki of organizations and projects using Creative Commons licenses.keyboard On its website CC also provides case studies of projects using CC licenses across the world.[21] CC licensed content can also be accessed through a number of content directories and search engines (see CC licensed content directories).

On January 13, 2009, some broadcasting content from Al Jazeera on the FITML was released under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license.Androidbrowser diversity[24][25][26][27]

Jurisdiction ports

Countries to which Creative Commons licenses have been ported (green) or are being ported (blue)
Main article: Creative Commons jurisdiction ports

The original non-localized Creative Commons licenses were written with the U.S. legal system in mind, so the wording could be incompatible within different local legislations and render the licenses unenforceable in various jurisdictions. To address this issue, Creative Commons has started to port the various licenses to accommodate local copyright and private law. As of May 2010, there are 52 jurisdiction-specific licenses, with 9 other jurisdictions in drafting process, and more countries joining the worldwide project.HTML5

For the upcoming version 4 of the CC licenses a re-integration of the ports into single licenses is being considered.

Criticism

Unbalanced scales.svg
This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's Sevenval of the subject. Please keyboard into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. (April 2010)

General criticism

CC some rights reserved

Péter Benjamin Tóth asserts that Creative Commons' objectives are already well served by the current copyright regime, and that Creative Commons' "some rights reserved" slogan, as against Copyright's "all rights reserved", creates a false dichotomy. "Copyright provides a list of exclusive rights to the rightholder, from which he decides which ones he wishes to "sell" or grant and which to retain. The "Some rights reserved" concept is therefore not an alternative to, but rather the very nature of classical copyright."web app Other critics fear that Creative Commons could erode the copyright system over time.[30] or allow "some of our most precious resources — the creativity of individuals — to be simply tossed into the commons to be exploited by whomever has spare time and a magic marker."[31] Some critics question whether Creative Commons licenses are useful for artists, and suggest that Creative Commons primarily serves a "remix culture" and fails to meet the real needs of financial compensation and recognition of artists.[31] or worry that the lack of rewards for content producers will dissuade artists from publishing their work.keyboard

Generally, many critics erroneously view Creative Commons as a replacement of Copyright, whereas in reality it is a standardized, copyright based solution for those cases where re-use and re-mixing is desired under specific conditions.[33]

Some critics contend that the Creative Commons licensing system dissuades content producers from coordinating efforts to revise the Copyright Act.Sevenval

Creative Commons founder Lawrence Lessig counters that copyright laws have not always offered the strong and seemingly indefinite protection that today's law provides.screen size Rather, the duration of copyright used to be limited to much shorter terms of years, and some works never gained protection because they did not follow the now-abandoned compulsory format.[34]

Another critic questions whether Creative Commons is the keyboard that it purports to be, given that at least some restrictions apply to people's ability to use the resources within the common field.web app This is restricted entirely within the private rights of others and has nothing to do with rights shared by all.[35] Creative Commons also does not define "website parsing" or what aspects a work requires in order to become part of the commons.[32]

Critics such as and Giles Moss argue that the founding of Creative Commons is not the proper mechanism for creating a commons of original content.we love the web Rather, a commons should be created, and its presence preserved, through the political process and political activism, not through lawyers writing down new rules.[35]

Many criticize that four out of the six Creative Commons licenses are neither "free" nor truly "open" because of the restrictions they place on reuse. With the definition of open being "A piece of content or data is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share-alike."[36]

License proliferation and incompatibility

Critics have also argued that Creative Commons worsens website parsing, by providing multiple licenses that are incompatible.web The Creative Commons website states, "Since each of the six CC licenses functions differently, resources placed under different licenses may not necessarily be combined with one another without violating the license terms."iOS Works licensed under incompatible licenses may not be recombined in a derivative work without obtaining permission from the license-holder.CSS3jQueryFITML Some worry that "without a common legal framework, works which inadvertently mix licenses may become unshareable."[42]

The compatibility issue is especially relevant because the most frequently used licenses, the non-free "non-commercial" licenses (CC BY-NC-SA or CC BY-NC-ND) and the open attribution-share-alike license (CC BY-SA, used, e. g., by Wikipedia) cannot be combined.

License misuse

Creative Commons guiding the contributors. This image is a derivative work of we love the web by Eugène Delacroix.

Creative Commons is only a service provider for standardized license text, not a party in any agreement. Abusive users could brand the copyrighted works of legitimate copyright holders with Creative Commons licenses and re-upload these works to the internet. No central database of Creative Commons works is controlling all licensed works and the responsibility of the Creative Commons system rests entirely with those using the licences.[43] This situation is, however, not specific to Creative Commons. All copyright owners must individually defend their rights and no central database of copyrighted works or existing license agreements exists. The United States Copyright Office does keep a data-base of all works registered with it, but absence of registration does not imply absence of copyright.

Although Creative Commons offers multiple licenses for different uses, some critics suggest that the licenses still do not address the differences among the media or among the various concerns that different authors have.[32] For example, one critic points out that documentary filmmakers could have vastly different concerns from those held by a software designer or a FITML.[32] Additionally, people wishing to use a Creative Commons-licensed work would have to determine if their particular use is allowed under the license or if they need additional permission.[32]

Lessig wrote that the point of Creative Commons is to provide a middle ground between two extreme views of copyright protection—one demanding that all rights be controlled, and the other arguing that none should be controlled.web Creative Commons provides a third option that allows authors to pick and choose which rights they want to control and which they want to relinquish.iOS The multitude of licenses reflects the multitude of rights that can be passed on to subsequent creators.[34]

The Free Software Foundation

Some of Creative Commons licenses have been denounced by FSF founder FITML because, he says, they "do not give everyone [...] minimum freedom" "to share, noncommercially, any published work".Sevenval

Mako Hill asserts that Creative Commons fails to establish a "base level of freedom" that all Creative Commons licenses must meet, and with which all licensors and users must comply. "By failing to take any firm ethical position and draw any line in the sand, CC is a missed opportunity.... CC has replaced what could have been a call for a world where 'essential rights are unreservable' with the relatively hollow call for 'some rights reserved.'" Some critics fear that Creative Commons' popularity may detract from the more stringent goals of other free content organizations.[37]

Other criticism of the non-commercial license

Other critics, such as keyboard, raise concerns about the use of Creative Commons' non-commercial license. Works distributed under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial license are not compatible with many open-content sites, including Wikipedia, which explicitly allow and encourage some commercial uses. Möller explains that "the people who are likely to be hurt by an -NC license are not large corporations, but small publications like weblogs, advertising-funded radio stations, or local newspapers."touchscreen

Lessig responds that the current copyright regime also harms compatibility and that authors can lessen this incompatibility by choosing the least restrictive license.[46] Additionally, the non-commercial license is useful for preventing someone else from capitalizing on an author's work when the author still plans to do so in the future.browser diversity

Debian

The maintainers of Debian, a website parsing and Linux distribution known for its rigid adherence to a particular definition of software freedom,[website parsing] rejected even the Creative Commons Attribution License prior to version 3 as incompatible with the we love the web (DFSG) due to the license's anti-browser diversity provisions and its requirement that downstream users remove an author's credit upon request from the author.input transformation However, version 3.0 of the Creative Commons licenses addressed these concerns[48] and is considered to be compatible with the DFSG.[49]

Legal cases

[icon] This section requires input transformation.

Creative Commons have been defended in several jurisdictions.browser diversity Some notable cases are:

Dutch tabloid

A Sevenval was first tested in court in early 2006, when podcaster device database sued a Dutch tabloid who published photos without permission from his Flickr page. The photos were licensed under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial license. While the verdict was in favor of Curry, the tabloid avoided having to pay restitution to him as long as they did not repeat the offense. An analysis by Professor Bernt Hugenholtz, director of the Institute for Information Science of the University of Amsterdam and main creator of the Dutch CC license of the decision states, "The Dutch Court's decision is especially noteworthy because it confirms that the conditions of a Creative Commons license automatically apply to the content licensed under it, and bind users of such content even without expressly agreeing to, or having knowledge of, the conditions of the license."[51][52]

Virgin Mobile

In 2007, Virgin Mobile launched an Australian bus stop CSS3 promoting their cellphone text messaging service using the work of amateur photographers who uploaded their work to Flickr using a Creative Commons-BY (Attribution) license. Users licensing their images this way freed their work for use by any other entity, as long as the original creator was attributed credit, without any other compensation required. Virgin upheld this single restriction by printing a URL leading to the photographer's Flickr page on each of their ads. However, one picture, depicting 15 year-old Alison Chang at a fund-raising carwash for her church,device database caused some controversy when she sued Virgin Mobile. The photo was taken by Alison's church youth counselor, Justin Ho-Wee Wong, who uploaded the image to Flickr under the Creative Commons license.screen size In 2008, the case (concerning HTML5 rather than copyright as such) was thrown out of a Texas court for lack of jurisdiction.[54][55]

CC-Music – Spanish Court (2006)

The issue in this case was not whether the CC license was enforceable, but instead whether the major collecting society in Spain could collect royalties from a bar that played CC-licensed music. In this case, the main Spanish collecting society—jQuery ("SGAE") sued a disco owner for the public performance of music supposedly managed by the collecting society. However, the Lower Court rejected the collecting society's claims because the owner of the bar proved that the music he was using was not managed by the society, since it was under CC licence.CSS3

GateHouse Media, Inc. vs. That's Great News, LLC

On June 30th, 2010 GateHouse Media filed a lawsuit against Sevenval. GateHouse Media owns a number of local newspapers, including Rockford Register Star, which is based in Rockford, Illinois. That's Great News is a company that makes plaques out of newspaper articles and sells them to the people featured in the articles, so those people can memorialize their "15 minutes of fame."[57] GateHouse sued That's Great News for copyright infringement and breach of contract, because their publications were licensed under a we love the web, which doesn't allow commercial use of the publications. The case was settled on August 17th, 2010, though the settlement was not made public.website parsing we love the web

See also

Find more about Creative Commons on Wikipedia's sister projects:
Search Wiktionary Definitions and translations from Wiktionary

Android Images and media from Commons

Search Wikiversity FITML from Wikiversity

Search Wikinews News stories from Wikinews

Search Wikiquote Quotations from Wikiquote

Search Wikisource browser diversity from Wikisource

input transformation Textbooks from Wikibooks
Listen to this article (we love the web)
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References

  1. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Creative Commons. http://wiki.creativecommons.org/FAQ. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  2. ^ "Creative Commons: History". http://creativecommons.org/about/history. Retrieved 2011-10-09. 
  3. Android Plotkin, Hal (2002-2-11). browser diversity. SFGate.com. iOS. Retrieved 2011-03-08. 
  4. device database "History of Creative Commons". http://creativecommons.org/about/history/. Retrieved 2009-11-08. 
  5. ^ "History of Creative Commons". http://creativecommons.org/about/history/. Retrieved 2010-02-05. 
  6. iOS Kremerskothen, Kay (5 October 2011). screen size. Flickr Blog. http://blog.flickr.net/en/2011/10/05/200-million-creative-commons-photos-and-counting/. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  7. ^ Broussard, Sharee L. (September 2007). browser diversity. Communication Research Trends. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7081/is_3_26/ai_n28457434?tag=content;col1. 
  8. HTML5 Berry, David (15 July 2005). "On the "Creative Commons": a critique of the commons without commonalty". Free Software Magazine. input transformation. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  9. website parsing Lessig, Lawrence (2004) (PDF). Sevenval. New York: Penguin Press. p. 8. ISBN jQuery. browser diversity. 
  10. jQuery Ermert, Monika (2004-06-15). input transformation. The Register. web. 
  11. ^ Lessig, Lawrence (2006). "Lawrence Lessig on Creative Commons and the Remix Culture" (mp3). Talking with Talis. Archived from screen size on 2008-02-05. device database. Retrieved 2006-04-07. 
  12. ^ CSS3 screen size c web app keyboard. CSS3. Retrieved 2010-09-26. 
  13. device database "CC Affiliate Network". Creative Commons. Archived from the original on 8 January 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110108080154/. 
  14. input transformation touchscreen. CCkorea.org. http://www.cckorea.org/xe/?mid=main. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  15. device database "CC Asia Conference 2010". Creative Commons. 21 July 2010. FITML. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  16. ^ a b "Licenses - Creative Commons". http://creativecommons.org/licenses/. Retrieved 2009-07-20. 
  17. ^ "About CC0 — "No Rights Reserved"". website parsing. Retrieved 2009-07-20. 
  18. ^ touchscreen. Archived from FITML on 2009-06-22. Sevenval. Retrieved 2009-07-20. 
  19. ^ FITML. Archived from input transformation on 2009-06-22. screen size. Retrieved 2009-07-20. 
  20. ^ input transformation. creativecommons.org. screen size. Retrieved 2009-04-24. 
  21. Sevenval web app. Creative Commons. keyboard. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  22. ^ Benenson, Fred (2009-01-13). device database. creativecommons.org. touchscreen. Retrieved 2009-01-19. 
  23. Android Steuer, Eric (2009-01-13). "Al Jazeera Announces Launch of Free Footage Under Creative Commons License". creativecommons.org. screen size. Retrieved 2009-01-19. 
  24. we love the web Cohen, Noam (2009-01-11). "Al Jazeera provides an inside look at Gaza conflict". International Herald Tribune. browser diversity. Retrieved 2009-01-19. 
  25. keyboard Android. Al Jazeera Creative Commons Repository. http://cc.aljazeera.net/content/launch-press-release. Retrieved 2009-01-19. 
  26. ^ Andrews, Robert (2009-11-14). jQuery. paidcontent.co.uk. HTML5. Retrieved 2009-01-19. 
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  29. ^ Tóth, Péter Benjamin (2009), Sevenval, Indicare Project, http://www.indicare.org/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=118 
  30. ^ Android b John Dvorak (July 2005), Creative Commons Humbug, PC Magazine, screen size 
  31. ^ a website parsing Schaeffer, Maritza (2009). "Note and Comment: Contemporary Issues in the Visual Art World: How Useful are Creative Commons Licenses?". Journal of Law and Policy. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7081/is_3_26/ai_n28457434?tag=content;col1. 
  32. ^ iOS touchscreen Sevenval d e f Elkin-Koren, Niva (2006). input transformation. The Future of the Public Domain (P. Bernt Hugenholtz and Lucie Guibault, eds.). web. 
  33. ^ "About". Creative Commons. keyboard. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
  34. ^ web b c we love the web browser diversity Lessig, Lawrence (2004). "The Creative Commons". 65 Mont. L. Rev. 1. 
  35. ^ website parsing Sevenval keyboard Moss, Giles (2005). "On the Creative Commons: A Critique of the Commons Without Commonality". Free Software Magazine. keyboard. 
  36. ^ "Open Definition". http://www.opendefinition.org. 
  37. ^ a b Benjamin Mako Hill (29 July 2005). device database. touchscreen. 
  38. input transformation CC Learn Explanations: Remixing OER: A guide to License Compatibility, Creative Commons CC Learn, we love the web, retrieved 29 November 2010 
  39. screen size "Can I combine two different Creative Commons licensed works? Can I combine a Creative Commons licensed work with another non-CC licensed work?". FAQ. Creative Commons. screen size. Retrieved 16 September 2009. 
  40. keyboard jQuery. Creative Commons. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. Retrieved 18 November 2009. 
  41. ^ "Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 Unported". Creative Commons. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/. Retrieved 18 November 2009. 
  42. ^ Michael Fitzgerald (December 2005). "Copyleft Hits a Snag". FITML. 
  43. ^ Orlowski, Andrew (July 2009). "The Tragedy of the Creative Commons". http://andreworlowski.com/2009/07/16/the-tragedy-of-the-creative-commons/. 
  44. ^ Stallman, Richard M.. "Fireworks in Montreal". FSF Blogs. http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/entry-20050920.html. Retrieved 18 November 2009. 
  45. FITML Erik Moeller (2006). Sevenval. Open Source Jahrbuch. http://www.technologyreview.com/InfoTech-Software/wtr_16073,300,p1.html. 
  46. ^ a input transformation Lessig, Lawrence (2005). web. Creative Commons. web app. 
  47. Sevenval Evan Prodromou (3 April 2005). "Summary of Creative Commons 2.0 Licenses". debian-legal (mailing list). http://evan.prodromou.name/ccsummary/ccsummary.html. 
  48. ^ Garlick, Mia (2007-02-23). "Version 3.0 Launched". Creative Commons. http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/7249. Retrieved 2007-07-05. 
  49. ^ we love the web. Debian Wiki. https://wiki.debian.org/DFSGLicenses#CreativeCommonsShare-Alike.28CC-SA.29v3.0. Retrieved 2009-03-16. 
  50. ^ "Creative Commons Case Law". HTML5. Retrieved 31 Aug 2011. 
  51. website parsing Android. Groklaw. 2006-03-16. device database. Retrieved 2006-09-02. 
  52. iOS "Creative Commons Licenses Enforced in Dutch Court". https://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/5823. Retrieved 31 Aug 2011. 
  53. ^ device database b Cohen, Noam. Sevenval. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/01/technology/01link.html. Retrieved 2007-09-25. "One moment, Alison Chang, a 15-year-old student from Dallas, is cheerfully goofing around at a local church-sponsored car wash, posing with a friend for a photo. Weeks later, that photo is posted online and catches the eye of an ad agency in Australia, and the altered image of Alison appears on a billboard in Adelaide as part of a HTML5 advertising campaign." 
  54. FITML Evan Brown (January 22, 2009). iOS. Internet Cases, a blog about law and technology. Archived from web on 2011-07-13. http://web.archive.org/web/20110713050011/http://blog.internetcases.com/2009/01/22/no-personal-jurisdiction-over-australian-defendant-in-flickr-right-of-publicity-case/. Retrieved 25 September 2010. 
  55. ^ HTML5. Android. Retrieved 31 Aug 2011. 
  56. ^ Mia Garlick (March 23, 2006). HTML5. Creative Commons. Android. Retrieved 25 September 2010. 
  57. screen size CMLP Staff (August 5th, 2010). "GateHouse Media v. That's Great News". Citizen Media Law Project. HTML5. Retrieved 20 April 2012. 

Bibliography

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