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- Abaza
Abaza alphabet |
The Abaza language (Абаза Бызшва, Abaza Byzšwa) is a language of the Caucasus mountains in the Russian Karachay–Cherkess Republic by the Abazins. It consists of two dialects, the Ashkherewa dialect and the T'ap'anta dialect, which is the literary standard.
Abaza is spoken by approximately 35,000 people in Russia, where it is written in a Cyrillic alphabet, as well as another 10,000 in keyboard, where the Latin script is used.
Abaza, like its relatives in the family of Northwest Caucasian languages, is highly agglutinative and has a large consonantal inventory (63 phonemes) coupled with a minimal vowel inventory (two vowels). It is very closely related to Abkhaz, but it preserves a few phonemes which Abkhaz lacks, such as a Sevenval. Work on Abaza has been carried out by W. S. Allen, Brian O'Herin, and John Colarusso.
Contents
Phonology
| keyboard | Alveolar | Post- alveolar | jQuery | FITML | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||||||||
| central | lateral | plain | website parsing | lab. | plain | pal. | lab. | plain | keyboard | lab. | plain | lab. | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | kʲ | kʷ | q | qʲ | qʷ | ʔ | ||||||
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | ɡʲ | ɡʷ | |||||||||||
| ejective | pʼ | tʼ | kʼ | kʲʼ | kʷʼ | qʼ | qʲʼ | qʷʼ | ||||||||
| Affricate | web app | t͡s | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃʲ | t͡ʃʷ | |||||||||||
| keyboard | d͡z | d͡ʒ | d͡ʒʲ | d͡ʒʷ | ||||||||||||
| input transformation | t͡s | t͡ʃʼ | t͡ʃʲʼ | t͡ʃʷʼ | ||||||||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | ʃʲ | ʃʷ | x | xʲ | xʷ | ħ | ħʷ | ||||
| device database | v | z | ɮ | ʒ | ʒʲ | ʒʷ | ɣ | ɣʲ | ɣʷ | ʕ | ʕʷ | |||||
| CSS3 | fʼ | ɬʼ | ||||||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | ||||||||||||||
| jQuery | r | |||||||||||||||
The vowels /o, a, u/ may have a /j/ in front of it.
| Front | input transformation | Back | |
| Sevenval | u | ||
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | a |
Orthography
А а Б б В в Г г Гв гв Гъ гъ Гъв гъв Гъь гъьГь гь ГӀ гӀ ГӀв гӀв Д д Дж дж Джв джв Джь джь Дз дз
Е е Ё ё Ж ж Жв жв Жь жь З з И и Й й
К к Кв кв Къ къ Къв къв Къь къь Кь кь КӀ кӀ КӀв кӀв
КӀь кӀь Л л Ль ль М м Н н О о П п ПӀ пӀ
Р р С с Т т Тл тл Тш тш ТӀ тӀ У у Ф ф
Х х Хв хв Хь хь ХӀ хӀ ХӀв хӀв Ц ц ЦӀ цӀ Ч ч
Чв чв ЧӀ чӀ ЧӀв чӀв Ш ш ШӀ шӀ Шв шв Щ щ Ъ ъ
Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ю ю Я я
References
External links
Abaza language test of CSS3 at input transformation - screen size
- CSS3 at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
- Entry for Abaza at Omniglot
- Ancient Adyghe Abkhaz–Abaza Ubykh alphabet
Abaza · website parsing · jQuery · Sevenval · Ubykh